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如何在Hibernate中將主鍵從主表復制到子表

[英]How to copy primary key from master table to child table in Hibernate

 原文  2019-01-31 07:53:08  6   3    java/ hibernate/ java-8

問題描述

如何在Hibernate中將主鍵（共享鍵）從主表復制到子表。 我正在嘗試進行單向映射（ Employee引用了Address ，反之亦然）。

附加信息：Hibernate依賴項： 

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.4.1.Final</version>
</dependency>

我有如下所示的Employee類和Address實體。 我正在嘗試在Employee實體到Address實體中生成主鍵。

但是，我看到ADDRESS表中的employeeId始終由休眠生成為0（我希望將其復制）。 我想我在使用@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn或@MapsId 。 我嘗試將兩者都添加，或在其中添加一個，但沒有運氣。

以下是該架構的對應表： 

create table EMPLOYEE(
EMPLOYEE_ID int auto_increment,
NAME varchar(100),
SALARY double,
primary key(EMPLOYEE_ID)
);



create table ADDRESS
(
EMPLOYEE_ID int references EMPLOYEE.EMPLOYEE_ID,
STREET_NAME varchar(40),
CITY_NAME varchar(40),
STATE_NAME varchar(40),
ZIP_CODE varchar(40),
primary key(EMPLOYEE_ID)
);

實體映射如下所示：

Employee.java 

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapsId;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table(name = "EMPLOYEE")
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "NAME")
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "SALARY")
    private double salary;

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="EMPLOYEE_ID")
   @MapsId
    //@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
    private Address address;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Employee setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Employee setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public Employee setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
        return this;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public Employee setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                ", address=" + address +
                '}';
    }
}

Address.java 

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MapsId;
import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table(name = "ADDRESS")
public class Address implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "STREET_NAME")
    private String streetName;

    @Column(name = "CITY_NAME")
    private String cityName;

    @Column(name = "STATE_NAME")
    private String stateName;

    @Column(name = "ZIP_CODE")
    private String zipCode;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Address setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStreetName() {
        return streetName;
    }

    public Address setStreetName(String streetName) {
        this.streetName = streetName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getCityName() {
        return cityName;
    }

    public Address setCityName(String cityName) {
        this.cityName = cityName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStateName() {
        return stateName;
    }

    public Address setStateName(String stateName) {
        this.stateName = stateName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getZipCode() {
        return zipCode;
    }

    public Address setZipCode(String zipCode) {
        this.zipCode = zipCode;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", streetName='" + streetName + '\'' +
                ", cityName='" + cityName + '\'' +
                ", stateName='" + stateName + '\'' +
                ", zipCode='" + zipCode + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

保存方法： 

  public Employee save(Employee employee){

        Session session = HibernateUtil.buildSessionFactory().openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        session.save(address); // Should I do this?            
        session.save(employee);
        transaction.commit();
        return employee;
    }

3 個解決方案

解決方案1
 1  2019-01-31 13:53:00

您需要在復制主鍵值的實體上對關聯進行建模。 如果這樣做，則可以使用@MapsId注釋關聯。

在您的示例中，使用IDENTITY策略生成Employee實體的主鍵，並且Address實體應使用相同的值。 為此，您需要在Address實體上建立一對一關聯的模型。 您可以使用雙向或單向關聯映射。

如果您喜歡單向的，則可以使用與Employee實體的address屬性相同的映射注釋。 然后，您當然需要隨后刪除address屬性;）

在雙向映射中，您的Employee實體如下所示： 

@Entity
@Table(name = "EMPLOYEE")
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "NAME")
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "SALARY")
    private double salary;

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="EMPLOYEE_ID")
    private Address address;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Employee setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Employee setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public Employee setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
        return this;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public Employee setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                ", address=" + address +
                '}';
    }
}

這是Address實體。 此映射的重要部分是一對一關聯上的@MapsId批注。 

@Entity
@Table(name = "ADDRESS")
public class Address implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "STREET_NAME")
    private String streetName;

    @Column(name = "CITY_NAME")
    private String cityName;

    @Column(name = "STATE_NAME")
    private String stateName;

    @Column(name = "ZIP_CODE")
    private String zipCode;

    @OneToOne(mappedBy="address")
    @MapsId
    private Employee employee

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Address setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStreetName() {
        return streetName;
    }

    public Address setStreetName(String streetName) {
        this.streetName = streetName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getCityName() {
        return cityName;
    }

    public Address setCityName(String cityName) {
        this.cityName = cityName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStateName() {
        return stateName;
    }

    public Address setStateName(String stateName) {
        this.stateName = stateName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getZipCode() {
        return zipCode;
    }

    public Address setZipCode(String zipCode) {
        this.zipCode = zipCode;
        return this;
    }

    public Employee getEmployee() {
        return employee;
    }

    public void setEmployee(Employee emp) {
        this.employee = emp;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", streetName='" + streetName + '\'' +
                ", cityName='" + cityName + '\'' +
                ", stateName='" + stateName + '\'' +
                ", zipCode='" + zipCode + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

如您所見，我刪除了@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn批注。 僅當您的實體映射到2個數據庫表時使用。 如果您使用繼承策略JOINED或使用舊數據庫並需要將2個表映射到同一實體，則可能是這種情況。

解決方案2
 0  2019-01-31 08:47:16

我認為您不需要手動復制主鍵。 如果您使用的是像休眠這樣的ORM，則實際上需要將實體對象（在您的情況下為Address實體對象）傳遞給要為其創建1-1映射的類對象（在您的情況下為Employee）。 Hibernate將自動使用實體主鍵（地址主鍵）填充映射實體中的列（Employee表中的address列）。 您可以在此處查看與您的案例非常相似的示例： https : //dzone.com/tutorials/java/hibernate/hibernate-example/hibernate-mapping-one-to-one-using-annotations-1.html

如果您看到的話，它們在地址表中有一個主鍵，即addressId。 現在在學生班級中，他們有一個地址類型的字段，該字段被標記為@OneToOne，表示其映射。 現在，在學生類構造函數中，我們正在傳遞地址對象。 現在，在主函數中，如果您看到的是，我們僅保存了學生對象（而不是地址對象）。 現在，當保存交易時，休眠將知道，首先創建地址實體，因為學生實體依賴該地址實體，然后使用創建的地址實體的主鍵保存學生實體。

現在，當您獲取學生實體時，hibernate還將在查看學生表中的addressId的同時自動獲取地址實體。 希望能幫助到你。 讓我知道是否需要進一步澄清。

解決方案3
 0  2019-02-08 10:05:46

我已將實體映射如下：

在Employee.java中的代碼中查看以下內容 

 @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
   @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
    private Address address;

Employee.java 

@Entity
@Table(name = "EMPLOYEE")
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    public Employee(){

    }
    public Employee(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Employee(String name,double salary){
        this.name = name;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "NAME")
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "SALARY")
    private double salary;

    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
   @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
    private Address address;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Employee setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Employee setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public Employee setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
        return this;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public Employee setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BiEmployee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                ", address=" + address +
                '}';
    }
}

Address.java 

@Entity
@Table(name = "ADDRESS")
public class Address implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "STREET_NAME")
    private String streetName;

    @Column(name = "CITY_NAME")
    private String cityName;

    @Column(name = "STATE_NAME")
    private String stateName;

    @Column(name = "ZIP_CODE")
    private String zipCode;

    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "COUNTRY_CODE")
    private Country country;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Address setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStreetName() {
        return streetName;
    }

    public Address setStreetName(String streetName) {
        this.streetName = streetName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getCityName() {
        return cityName;
    }

    public Address setCityName(String cityName) {
        this.cityName = cityName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getStateName() {
        return stateName;
    }

    public Address setStateName(String stateName) {
        this.stateName = stateName;
        return this;
    }

    public String getZipCode() {
        return zipCode;
    }

    public Address setZipCode(String zipCode) {
        this.zipCode = zipCode;
        return this;
    }

    public Country getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    public Address setCountry(Country country) {
        this.country = country;
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BiAddress{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", streetName='" + streetName + '\'' +
                ", cityName='" + cityName + '\'' +
                ", stateName='" + stateName + '\'' +
                ", zipCode='" + zipCode + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

添加Country.java以獲得完整性 

@Entity
@Table(name = "COUNTRY")
public class Country {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "COUNTRY_CODE")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int countryCode;

    @Column(name = "COUNTRY_NAME")
    private String name;

    public int getCountryCode() {
        return countryCode;
    }

    public Country setCountryCode(int countryCode) {
        this.countryCode = countryCode;
        return this;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Country setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }
}

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