根據字典的鍵中斷字典列表而不會丟失順序

Question

考慮清單

temp=[
{'white': ['BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A.  400 Howard Street  San Francisco, CA 94105-2618', ' ', '1,741,814', '', ' ', ' ', ' 6.85%', ' ']},
{'white': ['The Banc Funds Co, LLC  20 North Wacker Drive    Suite 3300  Chicago, IL 60606-3105', ' ', '1,447,529', '', ' ', ' ', ' 5.69%', ' ']}, 
{'blue': ['James B. Miller, Jr.', ' ', '3,413,249', '', '(1)     ', ' ', '13.40%', ' ']}, 
{'blue': ['Major General (Ret) David R. Bockel', ' ', '41,471', '', '(2)    ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['Wm. Millard Choate', ' ', '221,581', '', '(3)   ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['Dr. Donald A. Harp, Jr.', ' ', '40,892', '', '(4)   ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['Kevin S. King', ' ', '53,124', '', '(5)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['William C. Lankford, Jr.', ' ', '32,043', '', '(6)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['H. Palmer Proctor, Jr.', ' ', '309,384', '', '(7)  ', ' ', '1.22%', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['W. Clyde Shepherd III', ' ', '349,450', '', '(8)     ', ' ', '1.37%', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['Rankin M. Smith, Jr.', ' ', '303,768', '', '(9)  ', ' ', '1.19%', ' ']}, 
{'white': ['Stephen H. Brolly', ' ', '48,958', '', ' ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, 
{'blue': ['David Buchanan', ' ', '278,601', '', ' ', ' ', '1.10%', ' ']}, 
{'blue': ['All directors and executive officers  as a group (11 persons)', ' ', '5,092,521', '', '(10)  ', ' ', '19.93%', ' ']}
]

每當字典的鍵更改時，我都希望將列表分成不同的列表。 所需的輸出將是

[{'white': ['BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A.  400 Howard Street  San Francisco, CA 94105-2618', ' ', '1,741,814', '', ' ', ' ', ' 6.85%', ' ']}, {'white': ['The Banc Funds Co, LLC  20 North Wacker Drive   Suite 3300  Chicago, IL 60606-3105', ' ', '1,447,529', '', ' ', ' ', ' 5.69%', ' ']}]
[{'blue': ['James B. Miller, Jr.', ' ', '3,413,249', '', '(1)    ', ' ', '13.40%', ' ']}, {'blue': ['Major General (Ret) David R. Bockel', ' ', '41,471', '', '(2)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}]
[{'white': ['Wm. Millard Choate', ' ', '221,581', '', '(3)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, {'white': ['Dr. Donald A. Harp, Jr.', ' ', '40,892', '', '(4)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, {'white': ['Kevin S. King', ' ', '53,124', '', '(5)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, {'white': ['William C. Lankford, Jr.', ' ', '32,043', '', '(6)  ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}, {'white': ['H. Palmer Proctor, Jr.', ' ', '309,384', '', '(7)  ', ' ', '1.22%', ' ']}, {'white': ['W. Clyde Shepherd III', ' ', '349,450', '', '(8)  ', ' ', '1.37%', ' ']}, {'white': ['Rankin M. Smith, Jr.', ' ', '303,768', '', '(9)  ', ' ', '1.19%', ' ']}, {'white': ['Stephen H. Brolly', ' ', '48,958', '', ' ', ' ', ' *', ' ']}]
[{'blue': ['David Buchanan', ' ', '278,601', '', ' ', ' ', '1.10%', ' ']}, {'blue': ['All directors and executive officers  as a group (11 persons)', ' ', '5,092,521', '', '(10)  ', ' ', '19.93%', ' ']}]

密鑰可以大於兩個（即白色和藍色）

現在，我想出了這個邏輯，但是有沒有簡單或簡短的方法可以做到這一點。

def format(temp):
    i=0
    tmp_list = []
    while i<len(temp):
        found=False
        for color1 in  temp[i]:
            if i+1<len(temp):
                for color2 in temp[i+1]:
                    if color1!=color2:
                        tmp_list.append(temp[i])
                        tmp_list.append("changed")
                        found=True
        if found==False:
            tmp_list.append(temp[i])
        i=i+1
    final_list = []
    another_lis = []
    for tl in tmp_list:
        if tl!='changed':
            another_lis.append(tl)
        else:
            final_list.append(another_lis)
            another_lis = []

    return final_list

whole_list = format(temp)

for wl in whole_list:
    print(wl)

Answer 1

一個很好的方法是使用itertools.groupby ：

from itertools import groupby
temp = [...]
data = [list(g) for _, g in groupby(temp, key=dict.keys)]

但是，正如Eli Korvigo指出的那樣，此解決方案僅適用於Python 3.x中的多鍵字典，因為在Python 2.x上， dict.keys()返回一個列表對象，在比較時該對象是順序敏感的。 如Eli所述，在Python 2.x中使用的合適替代品將是數據結構，例如set 。

Answer 2

我喜歡有一個自定義方法，如下面的自定義方法，可在需要在連續元素之間進行條件切片時使用。

def chunk_while(predicate, iterable):
  i, x, size = 0, 0, len(iterable)
  while i < size-1:
    if not predicate(iterable[i], iterable[i+1]):
      yield iterable[x:i+1]
      x = i + 1
    i += 1
  yield iterable[x:size]

在這種情況下，可以通過以下方式使用它：

slices = chunk_while(lambda x,y: list(x) == list(y), temp)

結果是嵌套數組的生成器：

print(list(slices))

# [
#   [{'white': ['BlackRock Institutional ...', '..']}, {'white': ['The Banc Funds ...', '..']}],
#   [{'blue': ['James B. Miller, Jr.', '..']}, {'blue': ['Major General (Ret) ...']}],
#   [{'white': ['Wm. Millard Choate', '..']}, {'white': ['Dr. Donald A. Harp, Jr.', '..']}, {'white': ['Kevin S. King', '..']}, {'white': ['William C. Lankford, Jr.', '..']}, {'white': ['H. Palmer Proctor, Jr.', '..']}, {'white': ['W. Clyde Shepherd III', '..']}, {'white': ['Rankin M. Smith, Jr.', '..']}, {'white': ['Stephen H. Brolly', '..']}],
#   [{'blue': ['David Buchanan', '..']}, {'blue': ['All directors and executive ...', '..']}]
# ]