pip安裝到python 3.6文件夾而不是python 2.7文件夾

Question

我（菜鳥）使用的Ubuntu 18.04到處安裝了軟件包，直到我了解了虛擬環境的好處。 我的.bash rc文件包含：

  #setup for python
    export PYTHONPATH=/home/stefan/.local/
    export PYTHONPATH=/usr/local${PYTHONPATH:+:${PYTHONPATH}}
    export PYTHONPATH=/home/stefan/caffe/python:$PYTHONPATH
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}

無論如何，因為我一直忘了哪個虛擬環境具有哪個軟件包，所以我決定像這樣使用pip install --user：

pip install plumbum --user

這給了

~/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages$ ls
plumbum  plumbum-1.6.7.dist-info

與此同時

~/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages$ ls
clonevirtualenv.py       stevedore
clonevirtualenv.pyc      stevedore-1.30.1.dist-info
imageio                  virtualenv-16.4.3.dist-info
imageio-2.5.0.dist-info  virtualenv_clone-0.5.1.dist-info
pbr                      virtualenv.py
pbr-5.1.3.dist-info      virtualenv.pyc
pip                      virtualenv_support
pip-19.0.3.dist-info     virtualenvwrapper
six-1.12.0.dist-info     virtualenvwrapper-4.8.4.dist-info
six.py                   virtualenvwrapper-4.8.4-nspkg.pth
six.pyc

不用說，我不能從python2提示符下使用鉛。 我只使用pip install，所以讓事情更令人困惑的是，我有一個名為pyCV3的虛擬環境，

~/Envs/pyCV3/lib/python2.7/site-packages$ ls
backports
backports.functools_lru_cache-1.5.dist-info
backports.shutil_get_terminal_size-1.0.0.dist-info
cloudpickle
cloudpickle-0.8.1.dist-info
concurrent
cv2.so
cycler-0.10.0.dist-info
cycler.py
cycler.pyc
dask
dask-1.1.4.dist-info
dateutil
decorator-4.4.0.dist-info
decorator.py
decorator.pyc
easy_install.py
easy_install.pyc
enum
enum34-1.1.6.dist-info
futures-3.2.0.dist-info
imageio
imageio-2.5.0.dist-info
IPython
ipython-5.8.0.dist-info
ipython_genutils
ipython_genutils-0.2.0.dist-info
kiwisolver-1.0.1.dist-info
kiwisolver.so
matplotlib
matplotlib-2.2.4.dist-info
matplotlib-2.2.4-py2.7-nspkg.pth
mpl_toolkits
networkx
networkx-2.2.dist-info
numpy
numpy-1.16.2.dist-info
pathlib2
pathlib2-2.3.3.dist-info
pexpect
pexpect-4.6.0.dist-info
pickleshare-0.7.5.dist-info
pickleshare.py
pickleshare.pyc
PIL
Pillow-5.4.1.dist-info
pip
pip-19.0.3.dist-info
pkg_resources
pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info
_posixsubprocess32.so
prompt_toolkit
prompt_toolkit-1.0.15.dist-info
ptyprocess
ptyprocess-0.6.0.dist-info
pygments
Pygments-2.3.1.dist-info
pylab.py
pylab.pyc
pyparsing-2.3.1.dist-info
pyparsing.py
pyparsing.pyc
python_dateutil-2.8.0.dist-info
pytz
pytz-2018.9.dist-info
PyWavelets-1.0.2.dist-info
pywt
scandir-1.10.0.dist-info
scandir.py
scandir.pyc
_scandir.so
scikit_image-0.14.2.dist-info
scikit_learn-0.20.3.dist-info
scipy
scipy-1.2.1.dist-info
setuptools
setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info
shutil_backports
simplegeneric-0.8.1.dist-info
simplegeneric.py
simplegeneric.pyc
six-1.12.0.dist-info
six.py
six.pyc
skimage
sklearn
subprocess32-3.5.3.dist-info
subprocess32.py
subprocess32.pyc
tlz
toolz
toolz-0.9.0.dist-info
traitlets
traitlets-4.3.2.dist-info
wcwidth
wcwidth-0.1.7.dist-info
wheel
wheel-0.33.1.dist-info

早些時候我還做了一個“ sudo pip install”，所以我的系統python文件夾看起來像這樣

~/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages$ ls
clonevirtualenv.py       stevedore
clonevirtualenv.pyc      stevedore-1.30.1.dist-info
imageio                  virtualenv-16.4.3.dist-info
imageio-2.5.0.dist-info  virtualenv_clone-0.5.1.dist-info
pbr                      virtualenv.py
pbr-5.1.3.dist-info      virtualenv.pyc
pip                      virtualenv_support
pip-19.0.3.dist-info     virtualenvwrapper
six-1.12.0.dist-info     virtualenvwrapper-4.8.4.dist-info
six.py                   virtualenvwrapper-4.8.4-nspkg.pth
six.pyc

和

/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages$ ls
plumbum  plumbum-1.6.7.dist-info

所以我不知道為什么pip install決定將鉛放到3.6而不是2.7。 有人可以啟發我嗎？ （也許給我一個有關如何清理混亂的提示）。

我懷疑這與我的Linux始終使用pip3有關

~/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages$ pip3 --version
pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)

~/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages$ pip --version
pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)


~/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages$ pip --version
pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)

~/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages$ pip3 --version
pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)

我知道/ usr / bin中有一個pip2，但是linux不喜歡它

/usr/bin$ pip2 --version
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip2", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name main

Answer 1

通常，您可以使用./your/path/python -m pip install plumbum --user來調用Python解釋器，以使用正確的pip。

Answer 2

將pip安裝到python3.6庫的原因是因為它是計算機上pip安裝的默認庫。

pip --version將返回pip將要安裝軟件包的位置。 如果要為python2.7安裝軟件包，請運行pip2 install plumbum --user

我還建議事先運行pip2 --version 。

編輯：

我建議您也看一下這個答案，以確保您了解pip ， pip3 ， python ， python2 ， python3之間的區別

Answer 3

嘗試在終端python2.7 -m pip install上編寫，如果安裝失敗，則使用get-pip.py文件安裝pip，然后重試，如果它不起作用，請告訴我