Django：在其他應用程序中使用ImageFields嗎？

Question

我有一些可以上傳圖片的應用。 既然每個應用程序中都多次出現幾乎相同的代碼，我希望從名為images的應用程序中加載圖像。 是否可以連接其他應用程序，以便它們使用app1 [images] ShareImage類的ImageFields？

如果沒有，我如何使用方法image_resize和兩個@receiver函數，以便它們可以被多個應用程序使用，而且我只有一個代碼：

我曾經嘗試過遺傳，但是我無法擺脫它。

我也嘗試通過Import將ImageFields導入另一個類。

APP1：

import os

from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from .storage import OverwriteStorage


class ShareImage(models.Model):
    image = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='images/',
        verbose_name='Bild',
        storage=OverwriteStorage(),
    )

    thumbnail = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='images/',
        editable=False,
        storage=OverwriteStorage(),
    )

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not os.path.exists(self.image.path) and not self.images_resize():
            raise Exception('Error: Thumbnail not created')

        super(ShareImage, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def images_resize(self):
        size = (288, 162)

        image = Image.open(self.image)
        image.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)

        name, extension = os.path.splitext(self.image.name)
        # to prevent django from creating new folders incorrectly
        name = os.path.basename(name)
        extension = extension.lower()
        file_name = name + '_thumbnail' + extension

        if extension in ['.jpg', '.jpeg']:
            file_extension = 'JPEG'
        elif extension == '.png':
            file_extension = 'PNG'
        elif extension == '.gif':
            file_extension = 'GIF'
        else:
            raise Exception('Error: Files extension not supported')

        temp = BytesIO()
        image.save(temp, file_extension)
        temp.seek(0)

        if not os.path.exists(self.image.path):
            self.thumbnail.save(
                file_name, ContentFile(temp.read()), save=False
            )
            return True


@receiver(models.signals.post_delete, sender=ShareImage)
def auto_delete_images_on_delete(instance, **kwargs):
    if instance.image:
        if os.path.isfile(instance.image.path):
            os.remove(instance.image.path)

    if instance.thumbnail:
        if os.path.isfile(instance.thumbnail.path):
            os.remove(instance.thumbnail.path)


@receiver(models.signals.pre_save, sender=ShareImage)
def auto_delete_images_on_change(instance, **kwargs):
    if not instance.pk:
        return False

    try:
        old_image = ShareImage.objects.get(pk=instance.pk).image
        old_thumb = ShareImage.objects.get(pk=instance.pk).thumbnail
    except ShareImage.DoesNotExist:
        return False

    new_image = instance.image
    new_thumb = instance.thumbnail

    if old_image != new_image:
        if os.path.isfile(old_image.path):
            os.remove(old_image.path)

    if old_thumb != new_thumb:
        if os.path.isfile(old_thumb.path):
            os.remove(old_thumb.path)

示例app2：

import os

from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from .storage import OverwriteStorage


class Logo(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name='Titel')
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='Erstellt')
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='Aktualisiert')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='website/header/images/',
                              verbose_name='Bild', storage=OverwriteStorage())
    thumbnail = models.ImageField(upload_to='website/header/images/',
                                  editable=False, storage=OverwriteStorage())
    public = models.BooleanField(verbose_name='Öffentlich')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-updated']
        verbose_name = 'Logo'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Logos'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

Answer 1

您可以使ShareImage成為抽象模型 ，並從中ShareImage其他類。 例如：

class ShareImage(models.Model):
   ...
   class Meta:
        abstract = True


class Logo(ShareImage):
   ...

這樣， Logo類將具有image和thumbnail字段。 但這不會觸發信號。

另外，還有另一種方法可以將ShareImage作為OneToOneField添加到Logo ：

class Logo(models.Model):
    image = models.OneToOneField(ShareImage)
    ...

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.image.delete()
        return super(Logo, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)

這樣， ShareImage刪除應該觸發那些信號。