在 Microsoft Windows 操作系統上的 Python 3.6 上使用 GDAL 安裝 Fiona 和 Geopandas 失敗？

Question

我需要在 Python 3.6 上使用 pip 安裝依賴於 Fiona 和 GDAL 的 Geopandas。 我已經使用從這里下載的輪文件在 Python 上安裝了 GDAL 庫。

Processing c:\users\_chena\downloads\gdal-2.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Installing collected packages: GDAL
Successfully installed GDAL-2.4.1

然后我嘗試pip3 install geopandas 。 我遇到了以下錯誤：

Collecting geopandas
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f0/5d/916b7268ef551fa9647c
e12220e9a68006374f1ce5b0ddaf1cd0df2880b7/geopandas-0.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (9
22kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 931kB 4.1MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: pandas in d:\aaa_workspace\alex\supportsarah\hist
oricalplanburnwindowsproject\venv\lib\site-packages (from geopandas) (0.24.1)
Requirement already satisfied: shapely in d:\aaa_workspace\alex\supportsarah\his
toricalplanburnwindowsproject\venv\lib\site-packages (from geopandas) (1.6.4.pos
t1)
Collecting fiona (from geopandas)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/41/9d/63696e7b1de42aad294d
4781199a408bec593d8fdb80a2b4a788c911a33b/Fiona-1.8.6.tar.gz (1.7MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.7MB 7.9MB/s
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    A GDAL API version must be specified. Provide a path to gdal-config using a GDAL_CONFIG environment variable or use a GDAL_VERSION environment variable.

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in C:\Users\_chena\A
ppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-install-vy05tre2\fiona\

我找不到 gdal-data 目錄所在的任何地方。 鑒於錯誤日志， A GDAL API version must be specified. Provide a path to gdal-config using a GDAL_CONFIG environment variable or use a GDAL_VERSION environment variable. A GDAL API version must be specified. Provide a path to gdal-config using a GDAL_CONFIG environment variable or use a GDAL_VERSION environment variable. ，如何使用通過 pip3 安裝的 Python GDAL 庫設置 GDAL_CONFIG 環境變量？

Answer 1

唯一的解決方案似乎是從這里安裝准備好的二進制文件~gohlke

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#gdal

然后，只需在本地安裝所需的庫。 對我來說，我按這個順序做了以下（Python 3.8.6 ）

pip install GDAL-3.1.4-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl

pip install Fiona-1.8.18-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl

pip install geopandas-0.8.1-py3-none-any.whl