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如何將django查詢集轉換為字典以用作模板上下文

[英]How to convert a django queryset to a dictionary for use as a template context

 原文  2019-04-30 22:15:10  7   2    python/ django/ dictionary/ django-queryset

問題描述

我正在重新創建Django中的寶石庫存狀態報告，該報告最初是在Microsoft Access中構建的。 該報告的組織如下：

  • 交易（“ABC” - 表示房屋所有，委托，合伙等）
    • 庫存狀態（庫存，已售出，僅成本，歷史FYI等）
      • 細節線（StoneID，克拉，購買成本等）
        • 小計（總成本，總克拉數 - 能夠將其插入正確的位置是我被卡住的地方......）

以下是模型的相關部分： 

class Deal(models.Model):
    deal_name = models.TextField()

class Stone(models.Model):
    stoneid = models.TextField(verbose_name='StoneID', unique=True)
    dealid = models.ForeignKey(Deal, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
    ct_in = models.DecimalField(verbose_name='Carats', max_digits=7, decimal_places=3)
    cost_purchase = models.DecimalField(verbose_name='Purchase Cost', max_digits=14, decimal_places=2, null=True, blank=True)

我通過兩個查詢得到數據 - 一個用於細節線，另一個用於小計。 以下是查詢： 


def dump_stone(request):
    query = Stone.objects.filter(Q(dealid_id__deal_name='ABC') | \
                                    Q(dealid_id__deal_name='DEF') | \
                                    Q(dealid_id__deal_name='GHI')).select_related().order_by('dealid_id__deal_name', 'inventory_status', 'stoneid')
    totals = Stone.objects.values('dealid', 'inventory_status').annotate(sum_by_deal=Sum('cost_purchase'), sum_ct_in_by_deal=Sum('ct_in'))

通過交易按狀態打印庫存明細表的模板是： 

    {% block content %}
    REPORT:
    </br>
    {% regroup context by dealid as deal_list %}
        {% for dealid in deal_list %}
        {{dealid.grouper}}
            {% regroup dealid.list by inventory_status as stone_list%}
            {% for inventory_status in stone_list %}
                {{inventory_status.grouper}}
                <table>
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                        <th>StoneID</th>
                        <th>Ct</th>
                        <th>Cost</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        {% for stone in inventory_status.list %}
                        <tr>
                        <td>{{ stone.stoneid }}</td>
                        <td>{{ stone.ct_in|floatformat:2 }}</td> 
                        <td>{{ stone.cost_purchase|prepend_dollars }}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% endfor %}
                    {% endfor %}
                </tbody>
                </table>
        {% endfor %}
    {% endblock content %}

總計查詢生成以下輸出： 

    {'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'HistoricFYI', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')}
    {'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')}
    {'dealid': 2, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')}
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')}
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Memo In', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')}
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')}
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')}
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Test', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}

我想要做的是將總計查詢轉換為字典字典，以便我可以通過交易，按狀態訪問單個小計，並使用標記將它們插入模板中的正確位置（不會很難） -coded如圖所示，但我將繼續下一步）： 

    {{deal_dict.1.Sold.sum_by_deal}}

我正在嘗試生成一個如下所示的字典： 

    {   1:
            {
                ‘HistoricFYI’:{’sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000’)},
                'Sold:{'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000’)}
            },
        2:
            {
                ’Sold’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000’)},
            },
        3:
            {
                'Inventory’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000’)},
                'Memo In’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000’)},
                'Sold’: {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}
            },
        5:  {
                'Inventory’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75’)},
                'Sold’:  {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal(‘2’)},
                'Test’:      {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}
            }
    }

我已經嘗試了一些東西來獲取總計查詢集並使其成為嵌套字典： 

deal_dict = {}
status_dict = {}
numbers_dict = {}
for things in totals:
    print(things)
    numbers_dict['sum_by_deal']=things['sum_by_deal']
    numbers_dict['sum_ct_in_by_deal']=things['sum_ct_in_by_deal']
    status_dict[things['inventory_status']]=dict(numbers_dict)
    deal_dict[things['dealid']]=dict(status_dict)

上述代碼的問題在於，每筆交易的嵌套字典包括先前交易的狀態，除非交易本身具有覆蓋先前數據的該狀態的自己的數據。 換句話說，對於交易2，例如我得到 

    {   2:
            {
                ‘HistoricFYI’:{’sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000’)},
                'Sold:{'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000’)}
            },

即使它沒有自己的任何“HistoricFYI”數據，因為字典仍包含交易1數據。

我也嘗試過這樣清理字典 

    status_dict.clear()

在每個循環結束時，但我最后只收到每個交易（銷售或測試）按字母順序排列的最后狀態字典。

我也試過了 

    deal_dict = {}
    for things in totals:
        deal_dict.update({things['dealid']:{things['inventory_status']:{'sum_by_deal': things['sum_by_deal'], 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': things['sum_ct_in_by_deal']}}})

但這只是字典中每個交易的最后狀態，就像我嘗試了clear（）方法一樣。

我無法弄清楚如何調整這個 - > Django模板中的Totals / Subtotals或者這個 - > Django：如何處理平面查詢集到嵌套字典？

我怎樣才能生成這個字典詞典，以便我可以在模板中插入小計，或者以某種方式將小計插入到正確的位置？ 我非常感謝任何幫助！

2 個解決方案

解決方案1
 2 已采納  2019-04-30 23:17:21

這似乎實現了你想要的嵌套字典： 

def regroup_inventory(totals_qset):
    for dealid, row_group in groupby(totals_qset, key=itemgetter('dealid')):
        yield dealid, {
            row['inventory_status']: {
                key: val
                for key, val in row.items()
                if key not in ('dealid', 'inventory_status')
            }
            for row in row_group
        }

注意：這是一個生成器，所以你需要像在dict.items()一樣迭代它，或者在結果上調用dict() 。 試試你的例子，我得到： 

> from decimal import Decimal
> from pprint import pprint
> foo = [
    {'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'HistoricFYI', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')},
    {'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')},
    {'dealid': 2, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')},
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')},
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Memo In', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')},
    {'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')},
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')},
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')},
    {'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Test', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')},
]
> pprint(dict(regroup_inventory(foo)))
{1: {'HistoricFYI': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'),
                     'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')},
     'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'),
              'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')}},
 2: {'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'),
              'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')}},
 3: {'Inventory': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'),
                   'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')},
     'Memo In': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'),
                 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')},
     'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'),
              'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}},
 5: {'Inventory': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'),
                   'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')},
     'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'),
              'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')},
     'Test': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'),
              'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}}}

解決方案2
 1  2019-04-30 22:49:10

我沒有測試過這一點，但我想你想你的deal_dict是一個defaultdict 。 然后從thing彈出dealid和inventory_status，並使用它們將deal_dict填充為嵌套字典。 

from collections import defaultdict
deal_dict = defaultdict(dict)
for thing in totals:
    dealid = thing.pop('dealid')
    status = thing.pop('inventory_status')
    deal_dict[dealid][status] = dict(thing)

編輯：我應該添加一個警告，這將改變totals ，如果你再去其他地方使用它將會有問題。

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