如何根據狀態碼重試異步 aiohttp 請求

Question

我正在使用一個 api，有時它會給出一些奇怪的狀態代碼，可以通過簡單地重試相同的請求來修復這些代碼。 我正在使用 aiohttp 異步地向這個 api 發出請求

我也在使用退避庫來重試請求，但是似乎仍然沒有重試 401 請求。

   @backoff.on_exception(backoff.expo, aiohttp.ClientError, max_tries=11, max_time=60)
    async def get_user_timeline(self, session, user_id, count, max_id, trim_user, include_rts, tweet_mode):

        params = {
            'user_id': user_id,
            'trim_user': trim_user,
            'include_rts': include_rts,
            'tweet_mode': tweet_mode,
            'count': count
        }


        if (max_id and max_id != -1):
            params.update({'max_id': max_id})

        headers = {
            'Authorization': 'Bearer {}'.format(self.access_token)    
        }

        users_lookup_url = "/1.1/statuses/user_timeline.json"

        url = self.base_url + users_lookup_url

        async with session.get(url, params=params, headers=headers) as response:
            result = await response.json()
            response = {
                'result': result,
                'status': response.status,
                'headers': response.headers
            }
            return response

如果響應的狀態代碼不是 200 或 429，我希望所有請求最多可退出 10 次。

Answer 1

我做了一個簡單的庫，可以幫助你：
https://github.com/inyutin/aiohttp_retry

這樣的代碼應該可以解決您的問題：

from aiohttp import ClientSession
from aiohttp_retry import RetryClient

statuses = {x for x in range(100, 600)}
statuses.remove(200)
statuses.remove(429)

async with ClientSession() as client:
    retry_client = RetryClient(client)
    async with retry_client.get("https://google.com", retry_attempts=10, retry_for_statuses=statuses) as response:
        text = await response.text()
        print(text)
    await retry_client.close()

相反google.com使用您自己的url

Answer 2

默認情況下，aiohttp 不會引發非 200 狀態的異常。 您應該通過raise_for_status=True ( doc ) 更改它：

async with session.get(url, params=params, headers=headers, raise_for_status=True) as response:

它應該為任何 400 或更高的狀態引發異常，從而觸發backoff 。

代碼 2xx 不應該重試，因為這些不是錯誤。

---

無論如何，如果您仍然想為“非 200 或 429”加注，您可以手動進行：

if response.status not in (200, 429,):
     raise aiohttp.ClientResponseError()

Answer 3

也許它太舊了，但是對於任何想知道如何構建這樣的解決方案的人來說

RequestData 和 ErrorResponseData 是您的自定義類，它不是內置的

class DataAPI:
    def __init__(self, api_data_converter: APIDataConverter):
        self.api_data_converter = api_data_converter

    async def _bound_fetch(self, request_data: RequestData, session):
        try:
            async with session.get(request_data.url, raise_for_status=True) as response:
                return ResponseData(await response.text())
        except aiohttp.ClientConnectionError as e:
            Logging.log_exception('Connection error: {}'.format(str(e)))
            return ErrorResponseData(url=request_data.url, request_data=request_data)
        except Exception as e:
            Logging.log_exception('Data API error: {}'.format(str(e)))
            return ErrorResponseData(url=request_data.url, request_data=request_data)

    async def _run_requests(self, request_data: List[RequestData]):
        for rd in request_data:
            Logging.log_info('Request: {}'.format(rd.url))
        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=ClientTimeout(total=80)) as session:
            tasks = []
            for rd in request_data:
                task = asyncio.ensure_future(self._bound_fetch(rd, session))
                tasks.append(task)
            responses = asyncio.gather(*tasks)
            return await responses

    def get_data(self, request_data: List[RequestData]):
        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
        skipped = request_data
        responses: List[ResponseData] = []
        for _ in range(2): # specify your retry count instead of 2
            interm_responses = loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.ensure_future(self._run_requests(skipped)))
            skipped = []
            for resp in interm_responses:
                if isinstance(resp, ErrorResponseData):
                    skipped.append(resp.request_data)
                else:
                    responses.append(resp)
            if not skipped:
                break

        if skipped:
            Logging.log_critical('Failed urls remaining')

        for resp in responses:
            data = self.api_data_converter.convert(resp.response)
            if not data:
                Logging.log_exception('Data API error')
            dt = dateutil.parser.parse(data[-1]['dt'])
            resp.response = data
            resp.last_candle_dt = dt
        return responses

Answer 4

Mikhail 的回答涵蓋了如何為狀態代碼 4XX 和 5XX 引發異常，但是如果您希望針對這些狀態代碼重試協程，請查看async_retrying庫 - https://pypi.org/project/async_retrying/

下面給出一個簡單的例子。

import asyncio
from aiohttp import ClientSession
from async_retrying import retry


@retry(attempts=2)
async def hit_url(url, session: ClientSession):
    async with session.get(url) as response:
        print("Calling URL : %s", url)
        await response.text()
        return response.status


async def main():
    urls = [
        "https://google.com",
        "https://yahoo.com"
    ]
    api_calls = []
    async with ClientSession(raise_for_status=True) as session:
        for url in urls:
            api_calls.append(hit_url(session=session, url=url))
    await asyncio.gather(*api_calls, return_exceptions=False)

asyncio.run(main())