[英]Creating class for Complex Number in Python
我在python中使用oop,並且通過覆蓋運算符+ - * /
為復雜的數字創建類,以進行基本的數學運算。 這樣做時,我的更新結果(我存儲在自己中)不會被打印,而是打印作為參數傳遞的舊值。 幫幫我,我做錯了。
import math
class Complex(object):
real, imaginary = 0,0
def __init__(self, real, imaginary):
self.real = real
self.imaginary = imaginary
def __add__(self, no):
self.real = self.real + no.real
self.imaginary = self.imaginary + no.imaginary
return self
def __sub__(self, no):
self.real = self.real - no.real
self.imaginary = self.imaginary - no.imaginary
return self
def __mul__(self, no):
self.real = self.real * no.real
self.imaginary = self.imaginary * no.imaginary
return self
def __truediv__(self, no):
self.real = self.real / no.real
self.imaginary = self.imaginary / no.imaginary
return self
def mod(self):
return math.sqrt(self.real**2 + self.imaginary**2)
def __str__(self):
if self.imaginary == 0:
result = "%.2f+0.00i" % (self.real)
elif self.real == 0:
if self.imaginary >= 0:
result = "0.00+%.2fi" % (self.imaginary)
else:
result = "0.00-%.2fi" % (abs(self.imaginary))
elif self.imaginary > 0:
result = "%.2f+%.2fi" % (self.real, self.imaginary)
else:
result = "%.2f-%.2fi" % (self.real, abs(self.imaginary))
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
c = map(float, input().split())
d = map(float, input().split())
x = Complex(*c)
y = Complex(*d)
print(*map(str, [x+y, x-y, x*y, x/y, x.mod(), y.mod()]), sep='\n')
輸入(stdin):
2 1
5 6
您的輸出(標准輸出)
2.00 + 1.00i
2.00 + 1.00i
2.00 + 1.00i
2.00 + 1.00i
2.23606797749979
7.810249675906654
預期產量:
7.00 + 7.00i
-3.00-5.00i
4.00 + 17.00i
0.26-0.11i
2.24 + 0.00i
7.81 + 0.00i
您的每個運算符實現都在改變其左操作數的屬性。 因此,在執行x + y
,x成為x和y的和。 然后,當您執行x - y
,x成為x和y之差。 在x+y, xy, x*y, x/y
全部完成運行之后,由於減法取消了加法,除法取消了乘法,x返回到其原始值。 然后,打印功能將執行並顯示x對象四次。
操作員實現應返回該類的新實例,而不是修改現有實例。
import math
class Complex(object):
def __init__(self, real, imaginary):
self.real = real
self.imaginary = imaginary
def __add__(self, no):
return Complex(self.real + no.real, self.imaginary + no.imaginary)
def __sub__(self, no):
return Complex(self.real - no.real, self.imaginary - no.imaginary)
def __mul__(self, no):
return Complex(self.real * no.real, self.imaginary * no.imaginary)
def __truediv__(self, no):
return Complex(self.real / no.real, self.imaginary / no.imaginary)
def mod(self):
return Complex(math.sqrt(self.real**2 + self.imaginary**2), 0)
def __str__(self):
if self.imaginary == 0:
result = "%.2f+0.00i" % (self.real)
elif self.real == 0:
if self.imaginary >= 0:
result = "0.00+%.2fi" % (self.imaginary)
else:
result = "0.00-%.2fi" % (abs(self.imaginary))
elif self.imaginary > 0:
result = "%.2f+%.2fi" % (self.real, self.imaginary)
else:
result = "%.2f-%.2fi" % (self.real, abs(self.imaginary))
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
x = Complex(2,1)
y = Complex(5,6)
print(*map(str, [x+y, x-y, x*y, x/y, x.mod(), y.mod()]), sep='\n')
結果:
7.00+7.00i
-3.00-5.00i
10.00+6.00i
0.40+0.17i
2.24+0.00i
7.81+0.00i
我注意到即使進行了這些更改,乘法和除法也無法提供預期的結果。 這是因為僅通過分別對實數和虛數進行算術運算就無法對復數進行乘法或除法。 例如, 2i * 3i
不是6i
; 它是-6 + 0i。
嘗試以下實現:
def __mul__(self, no):
return Complex(self.real * no.real - self.imaginary * no.imaginary, self.real * no.imaginary + no.real * self.imaginary)
def __truediv__(self, no):
denominator = no.real**2 + no.imaginary**2
return Complex((self.real*no.real + self.imaginary*no.imaginary) / denominator, (self.imaginary*no.real - self.real*no.imaginary) / denominator)
現在,乘法和除法的輸出將是4.00+17.00i
和0.26-0.11i
。
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