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node_modules 包如何讀取項目根目錄中的配置文件?

[英]How do node_modules packages read config files in the project root?

我正在創建一個 npm package 需要能夠從項目根目錄讀取配置文件。 我不知道該怎么做。

例如,

  • Next.js 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./pages/./next.config.js
  • Jest 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./jest.config.js
  • ESLint 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./.eslintrc.json
  • Prettier 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./.prettierrc.js
  • Typescript 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./tsconfig.json
  • Babel 能夠從項目根目錄讀取./.babelrc

我已經嘗試查看他們的源代碼以了解他們是如何做到的,但是項目太大以至於我找不到相關部分。

他們如何做到這一點?

首先在path.dirname(process.mainModule.filename)中搜索,然后向上搜索目錄樹../, ../../, ../../../等,直到找到配置文件。

這是我從 rc ( https://github.com/dominictarr/rc ) 包中竊取的代碼,它將從名為.projectrc的文件中讀取並解析配置:

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

// Utils shamefully stolen from
// https://github.com/dominictarr/rc/blob/master/lib/utils.js

find(...args) {
  const rel = path.join.apply(null, [].slice.call(args));
  return findStartingWith(path.dirname(process.mainModule.filename), rel);
}

findStartingWith(start, rel) {
  const file = path.join(start, rel);
  try {
    fs.statSync(file);
    return file;
  } catch (err) {
    // They are equal for root dir
    if (path.dirname(start) !== start) {
      return findStartingWith(path.dirname(start), rel);
    }
  }
}

parse(content) {
  if (/^\s*{/.test(content)) {
    return JSON.parse(content);
  }
  return undefined;
}

file(...args) {
  const nonNullArgs = [].slice.call(args).filter(arg => arg != null);

  // path.join breaks if it's a not a string, so just skip this.
  for (let i = 0; i < nonNullArgs.length; i++) {
    if (typeof nonNullArgs[i] !== 'string') {
      return;
    }
  }

  const file = path.join.apply(null, nonNullArgs);
  try {
    return fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8');
  } catch (err) {
    return undefined;
  }
}

json(...args) {
  const content = file.apply(null, args);
  return content ? parse(content) : null;
}

// Find the rc file path
const rcPath = find('.projectrc');
// Or
// const rcPath = find('/.config', '.projectrc');

// Read the contents as json
const rcObject = json(rcPath);
console.log(rcObject);

您還可以將 rc 包用作依賴npm i rc ,然后在您的代碼中:

var configuration = require('rc')(appname, {
  // Default configuration goes here
  port: 2468
});

這將從名為.${appname}rc的文件中讀取配置。

當我制作第一個npm package 時遇到了這個問題findup-sync庫很好地解決了這個問題:

const findup = require('findup-sync');
const filePath = findup('filename');

https://www.npmjs.com/package/findup-sync

它們從文件所在的目錄開始,並在文件系統樹中遞歸地向上查找,直到找到它要查找的文件。

像這樣的東西:

const FILE_NAME = 'target-file.json';

const fsp = require('fs').promises,
      path = require('path');

let find = async (dir=__dirname) => {
  let ls = await fsp.readdir(dir);
  if(ls.includes(FILE_NAME))
    return path.join(dir,FILE_NAME);
  else if(dir == '/')
    throw new Error(`Could not find ${FILE_NAME}`);
  else
    return find(path.resolve(dir,'..'));
}

或者,如果您正在尋找一個標准節點“項目根”,您可能想要遞歸並找到一個包含目錄名稱“node_modules”的目錄,如下所示:

const fsp = require('fs').promises,
      path = require('path');

let find = async (dir=__dirname) => {
  let ls = await fsp.readdir(dir);
  if(ls.includes('node_modules'))
    return dir;
  else if(dir == '/')
    throw new Error(`Could not find project root`);
  else
    return find(path.resolve(dir,'..'));
}

有多種方法可以做到這一點。 我創建了一個test-package和一個演示項目node-package-test來測試它。

為了方便參考,請在此處提供主要代碼:

project-main\node_modules\test-package\index.js :

const path = require('path');
const fs = require('fs');

const CONFIG_NAME = 'cfg.json';

function init(rootDir = null) {
  console.log(`test-package: process.cwd(): ${process.cwd()}`);
  console.log(`test-package: path.resolve('./'): ${path.resolve('./')}`);

  if (!rootDir) {
    //rootDir = path.resolve('./');
    // OR
    rootDir = process.cwd();
  }

  //const configPath = path.resolve('./', CONFIG_NAME);
  // OR
  const configPath = path.join(rootDir, CONFIG_NAME);


  if (fs.existsSync(configPath)) {
    console.log(`test-package: Reading config from: ${configPath}`);
    try {
      //const data = fs.readFileSync(configPath, 'utf8');
      //const config = JSON.parse(data);
      // OR
      const config = require(configPath);
      console.log(config);
    } catch (err) {
      console.error(err)
    }
  } else {

    console.log(`test-package: Couldn't find config file ${configPath}. Using default.`)
  }

  console.log('\n')
}

//init()
const features = {
  init: init,
  message: `Hello from test-package! 👋`
}


module.exports = features;

項目主\ main.js :

const utils = require('@onkarruikar/test-package')

utils.init();
// OR use
//utils.init('/path/to/rootdir');

console.log(`${utils.message}`);

輸出:

E:\node-package-test-main>npm install

added 1 package, and audited 2 packages in 4s

found 0 vulnerabilities

E:\node-package-test-main>npm start

> start
> node .

test-package: process.cwd(): E:\node-package-test-main
test-package: path.resolve('./'): E:\node-package-test-main
test-package: Reading config from: E:\node-package-test-main\cfg.json
{ compilerOptions: { allowJs: true, checkJs: true, noEmit: true } }


Hello from test-package! 👋

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