使用npm安裝節點失敗並出現EACCES錯誤

Question

我正在嘗試使用以下命令在MacOS上安裝節點：

sudo npm install -g node

這將產生以下輸出：

> node@12.6.0 preinstall /usr/local/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node
> node installArchSpecificPackage

npm WARN registry Unexpected warning for https://registry.npmjs.org/: Miscellaneous Warning EACCES: EACCES: permission denied, open '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/5e859640'
npm WARN registry Using stale data from https://registry.npmjs.org/ due to a request error during revalidation.
npm ERR! path /Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113
npm ERR! code EACCES
npm ERR! errno -13
npm ERR! syscall open
npm ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied, open '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'
npm ERR!  [OperationalError: EACCES: permission denied, open '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'] {
npm ERR!   cause: [Error: EACCES: permission denied, open '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'] {
npm ERR!     errno: -13,
npm ERR!     code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!     syscall: 'open',
npm ERR!     path: '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'
npm ERR!   },
npm ERR!   isOperational: true,
npm ERR!   stack: "Error: EACCES: permission denied, open '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'",
npm ERR!   errno: -13,
npm ERR!   code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!   syscall: 'open',
npm ERR!   path: '/Users/bernhard/.npm/_cacache/tmp/ef2c2113'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It is likely you do not have the permissions to access this file as the current user
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator (though this is not recommended).
/usr/local/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node/node_modules/node-bin-setup/index.js:27
        throw e;
        ^

Error: EACCES: permission denied, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node/bin'
    at Object.mkdirSync (fs.js:764:3)
    at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node/node_modules/node-bin-setup/index.js:24:10)
    at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:203:13)
    at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:1021:16)
    at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:283:5) {
  errno: -13,
  syscall: 'mkdir',
  code: 'EACCES',
  path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node-darwin-x64/lib/node_modules/node/bin'
}
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! node@12.6.0 preinstall: `node installArchSpecificPackage`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the node@12.6.0 preinstall script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/bernhard/.npm/_logs/2019-07-21T16_20_19_759Z-debug.log

sudo npm cache clean運行sudo npm cache clean並沒有什么不同。 我檢查了_cacache文件夾的權限，並且我的用戶_cacache文件夾具有完全權限。

關於什么可能導致此問題的任何想法？

Answer 1

正如其他用戶提到的那樣，npm本質上是Node.js的一部分（而npm install -g node將安裝一個名為“ node”的全局模塊 ，該模塊與Node.js node可執行文件不同）。

我的麻煩始於我必須更新節點之后，當（錯誤的）npm命令執行此操作失敗時，我將npm卸載了，以便可以重新安裝它。 實際上，到這一點為止，Node.js已被卸載（至少是部分卸載-要么已損壞，要么已損壞）。

通過運行從Node.js網站下載的安裝程序來重新安裝Node.js，可以解決此問題。 今后，我將使用推薦的方法之一，就像在描述一個更新Node.js的這篇文章 。