如何在 Spring 測試中創建嵌入式 Kafka 時修復“無效 URL”

Question

我正在嘗試為將數據發送到 Kafka 主題的一段代碼構建一個測試，我一直在閱讀一個看起來非常簡單的示例，但是當我嘗試運行測試時，它無法拋出此錯誤：'無效的 url在 bootstrap.servers 中：spring.embedded.kafka.brokers'

URL 'spring.embedded.kafka.brokers' 我從文檔中得到它，但我現在找不到鏈接源。 這是我到目前為止所嘗試的：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@DirtiesContext
@TestPropertySource({"classpath:application-test.properties"})
public class PublishCustomerServiceImplTest {

    private String bootstrapServers = "spring.embedded.kafka.brokers";

    private static final String TOPIC = "TopicName";

    public Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 3);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.PARTITIONER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.internals.DefaultPartitioner");
        return props;
    }

    public ProducerFactory<String, CustomerPublishRequest> producerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
    }

    public KafkaTemplate<String, CustomerPublishRequest> kafkaTemplate() {
        return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
    }

    @ClassRule
    public static EmbeddedKafkaRule embeddedKafka = new EmbeddedKafkaRule(1, true, TOPIC);

    @Test
    public void publishCustomerTest() throws Exception {

        KafkaTemplate<String, CustomerPublishRequest> kafkaTemplate = kafkaTemplate();

        ListenableFuture<SendResult<String, CustomerPublishRequest>> future = kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, CustomerRequestDummy.getCustomer());
        SendResult<String, CustomerPublishRequest> sendResult = future.get();
        long offset = sendResult.getRecordMetadata().offset();

    }
}

任何幫助將不勝感激。

Answer 1

錯誤消息很清楚，這是spring.embedded.kafka.brokers無效的引導服務器URL，請從EmbeddedKafkaRule獲取

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@DirtiesContext
@TestPropertySource({"classpath:application-test.properties"})
public class PublishCustomerServiceImplTest {

private static final String TOPIC = "TopicName";

 @ClassRule
public static EmbeddedKafkaRule embeddedKafka = new EmbeddedKafkaRule(1, true, TOPIC);

public Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
    Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
    props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, embeddedKafka.getEmbeddedKafka().getBrokersAsString());
    props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
    props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
    props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 3);
    props.put(ProducerConfig.PARTITIONER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.internals.DefaultPartitioner");
    return props;
}

public ProducerFactory<String, CustomerPublishRequest> producerFactory() {
    return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
}

public KafkaTemplate<String, CustomerPublishRequest> kafkaTemplate() {
    return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
}

@Test
public void publishCustomerTest() throws Exception {

    KafkaTemplate<String, CustomerPublishRequest> kafkaTemplate = kafkaTemplate();

    ListenableFuture<SendResult<String, CustomerPublishRequest>> future = kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, CustomerRequestDummy.getCustomer());
    SendResult<String, CustomerPublishRequest> sendResult = future.get();
    long offset = sendResult.getRecordMetadata().offset();

    }
}

Answer 2

面臨同樣的問題，然后通過覆蓋以下兩個屬性來修復它，

@TestPropertySource(properties = {"spring.kafka.producer.bootstrap-servers=${spring.embedded.kafka.brokers}",
                                  "spring.kafka.admin.properties.bootstrap.servers=${spring.embedded.kafka.brokers}"})