如何在python中的tkinter中編輯背景圖像？

Question

我嘗試編輯tkinter代碼的背景圖片，但是即使我將不同的圖片重命名為“ landscape.png”，我也無法做到，無論其他圖片變大還是變小。 我不知道我能做些什么來改善這個問題，就像這樣的代碼僅適用於一種類型的圖片，我不知道為什么。 我現在正嘗試處理此問題3天，這是我的最后幫助手段

我已經嘗試了上面

import tkinter as tk
import requests

HEIGHT = 500
WIDTH = 600

def test_function(entry):
    print("This is the entry:", entry)

# api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?q={city name},{country code}
# a4aa5e3d83ffefaba8c00284de6ef7c3

def format_response(weather):
    try:
        name = weather['name']
        desc = weather['weather'][0]['description']
        temp = weather['main']['temp']

        final_str = 'City: %s \nConditions: %s \nTemperature (°F): %s' % (name, desc, temp)
    except:
        final_str = 'There was a problem retrieving that information'

    return final_str

def get_weather(city):
    weather_key = 'a4aa5e3d83ffefaba8c00284de6ef7c3'
    url = 'https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather'
    params = {'APPID': weather_key, 'q': city, 'units': 'imperial'}
    response = requests.get(url, params=params)
    weather = response.json()

    label['text'] = format_response(weather)



root = tk.Tk()

canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=HEIGHT, width=WIDTH)
canvas.pack()

background_image = tk.PhotoImage(file='landscape.png')
background_label = tk.Label(root, image=background_image)
background_label.place(relwidth=1, relheight=1)

frame = tk.Frame(root, bg='#80c1ff', bd=5)
frame.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.1, relwidth=0.75, relheight=0.1, anchor='n')

entry = tk.Entry(frame, font=40)
entry.place(relwidth=0.65, relheight=1)

button = tk.Button(frame, text="Get Weather", font=40, command=lambda: get_weather(entry.get()))
button.place(relx=0.7, relheight=1, relwidth=0.3)

lower_frame = tk.Frame(root, bg='#80c1ff', bd=10)
lower_frame.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.25, relwidth=0.75, relheight=0.6, anchor='n')

label = tk.Label(lower_frame)
label.place(relwidth=1, relheight=1)

root.mainloop()

我希望顯示另一張圖像，但出現此錯誤：

Traceback (most recent call last):


    File "/Users/michal/Desktop/GUI-master/WeatherApp.py", line 41, in <module>
        background_image = tk.PhotoImage(file='landscape.png')
      File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/tkinter/__init__.py", line 3545, in __init__
        Image.__init__(self, 'photo', name, cnf, master, **kw)
      File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/tkinter/__init__.py", line 3501, in __init__
        self.tk.call(('image', 'create', imgtype, name,) + options)
    _tkinter.TclError: couldn't recognize data in image file "landscape.png"
    >>>

Answer 1

PhotoImage類可以從文件讀取GIF和PGM/PPM圖像：

photo = PhotoImage(file="image.gif")

photo = PhotoImage(file="image.pgm")

如果您需要使用其他文件格式，則Python Imaging Library (PIL)包含一些類，這些類使您可以加載30多種格式的圖像，並將其轉換為Tkinter兼容的圖像對象：

from PIL import Image, ImageTk

image = Image.open("lenna.jpg")
photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)

您可以在Tkinter接受圖像對象的任何地方使用PhotoImage實例。

一個例子：

label = Label(image=photo)
label.image = photo # keep a reference!
label.pack()

在您的代碼中：

from PIL import Image, ImageTk

background_image = Image.open(image_path)
background_photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(background_image)

background_label = tk.Label(root, image = background_photo)
background_label.image = background_photo
background_label.place(relwidth=1, relheight=1)

注意：如果您尚未安裝PIL，只需從cmd安裝它：

pip install Pillow