如何修復Windows拒絕錯誤以進行局域網文件傳輸

Question

我是14歲的軟件設計初學者，但是對python基本知識和網絡知識非常了解。 我最近有一個全新的raspberry pi 3 b +，正在嘗試制作一個python程序，該程序將允許我將hp PC的信息輸入傳輸到pi，以便它可以顯示信息，該項目是為了幫助我上學，我輸入了代碼並運行，但是當我嘗試運行“客戶端代碼”時，這是我的pi可以接收輸入數據的錯誤，我收到一條錯誤消息，說設備拒絕了我的連接請求，我該怎么做才能解決問題？ 如果您想查看代碼，我可以發布它，但是我不確定是否有必要。

我只是嘗試在兩個程序中更改端口號，因為這不是問題，並且我是LAN和網絡的新手，所以我沒有嘗試過其他任何方法。

根據要求，我的代碼是：（不是HTML，CSS或HTML。使用該界面更容易。

 # send.py import socket # Import socket module port = 60000 # Reserve a port for your service. s = socket.socket() # Create a socket object host = socket.gethostname() # Get local machine name s.bind((host, port)) # Bind to the port s.listen(5) # Now wait for client connection. print 'Server listening....' while True: conn, addr = s.accept() # Establish connection with client. print 'Got connection from', addr data = conn.recv(1024) print('Server received', repr(data)) filename='mytext.txt' f = open(filename,'rb') l = f.read(1024) while (l): conn.send(l) print('Sent ',repr(l)) l = f.read(1024) f.close() print('Done sending') conn.send('Thank you for connecting') conn.close() # recieve.py import socket # Import socket module s = socket.socket() # Create a socket object host = socket.gethostname() # Get local machine name port = 60000 # Reserve a port for your service. s.connect((host, port)) s.send("Hello server!") with open('received_file', 'wb') as f: print 'file opened' while True: print('receiving data...') data = s.recv(1024) print('data=%s', (data)) if not data: break # write data to a file f.write(data) f.close() print('Successfully get the file') s.close() print('connection closed') 

Answer 1

不幸的是，這個答案需要Python 3.5+。

在運行此代碼之前，請確保已確定要用於服務器和客戶端的IP（底部的幫助）。

第1步-確保簡單的ping操作

服務器代碼：

import socket

# FIND IP

# The IP to use will be different depending
# on whether you have WiFi or Ethernet, so
# you need to choose whichever one that is
ips = socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[-1]

print(*[f"{i}: {j}" for i, j in enumerate(ips)], sep="\n")

ip = ips[int(input(" > "))]

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


#SETUP SERVER

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind((ip, port))

# A queue of 1 clients is more than enough for our application
sock.listen(1)

print(f"Listening on {ip}:{port}")

while True:
    try:
        (clientsock, address) = sock.accept()

        # so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
        clientsock.settimeout(0.01)

        ping_string = clientsock.recv(5).decode()

        if ping_string == "ping!":
            print("ping!")

            clientsock.sendall(b"ping!")

        else:
            print("no ping!")
            print(ping_string)

            clientsock.sendall(b"nopng")

        clientsock.shutdown(1)
        clientsock.close()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        # Add a way to safely exit the infinite loop
        break

sock.close()

客戶代碼：

import socket

# GET IP

print("IP of server")
ip = input(" > ")

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


# SETUP SOCKET

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((ip, port))

print(f"Conencted to {ip}:{port}")

# so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
sock.settimeout(0.01)

sock.sendall(b"ping!")

ping_string = sock.recv(5).decode()

if ping_string == "ping!":
    print("ping!")

else:
    print("no ping!")

sock.close()

輸出：

服務器：

0: 192.168.56.1
1: 192.168.1.151
 > 1
Listening on 192.168.1.151:10000

客戶：

Type ip of server
 > 192.168.1.151
Conencted to 192.168.1.151:10000
ping!

如果這不起作用，請確保您的計算機可以ping通您的樹莓派，反之亦然。 進入CMD（假定您的HP PC是Windows），然后鍵入ping ____ （用樹莓派的內部ip地址替換____）。

如果終端似乎無法ping通某些內容，則需要轉到計算機和樹莓派上查找它們是內部 ip，您可以找到如何在線進行操作。

第2步-有趣的部分

現在，我們將設置您的文件服務器。

服務器代碼：

import socket

# OPEN FILE TO SEND ACROSS
with open("filesend.txt", mode="rb") as file:
    file_string = file.read()

# FIND IP

# The IP to use will be different depending
# on whether you have WiFi or Ethernet, so
# you need to choose whichever one that is
ips = socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[-1]

print(*[f"{i}: {j}" for i, j in enumerate(ips)], sep="\n")

ip = ips[int(input(" > "))]

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


#SETUP SERVER

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind((ip, port))

# A queue of 1 clients is more than enough for our application
sock.listen(1)

print(f"Listening on {ip}:{port}")

while True:
    try:
        (clientsock, address) = sock.accept()

        # so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
        clientsock.settimeout(0.01)

        # send length
        clientsock.sendall((str(len(file_string)) + ".").encode())
        clientsock.sendall(file_string)

        print("Sent file!")

        response_code = clientsock.recv(1).decode()

        if response_code != "0":
            print("ERROR! response was not 0")
            print(response_code)


        clientsock.shutdown(1)
        clientsock.close()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        # Add a way to safely exit the infinite loop
        break

sock.close()

客戶代碼：

import socket

# SELECT IP

print("IP of server")
ip = input(" > ")

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


# SETUP SOCKET

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((ip, port))

print(f"Conencted to {ip}:{port}")

# so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
sock.settimeout(0.01)

# Get length of file sent across
len_string = ""
c = ""
while c != ".":
    c = sock.recv(1).decode()
    len_string += c

length = int(len_string[:-1])

file_string = sock.recv(length)

# send a status code back to the server
sock.sendall(b"0")

with open("filerecv.txt", mode="wb") as file:
    file.write(file_string)

print(file_string.decode())

sock.close()

輸出：

服務器：

0: 192.168.56.1
1: 192.168.1.151
 > 1
Listening on 192.168.1.151:10000

客戶：

IP of server
 > 192.168.1.151
Conencted to 192.168.1.151:10000
THIS IS A TEST!

再次確保您告訴客戶端連接的IP地址與您從服務器腳本提供的列表中選擇的IP地址相同 。 另外，還要確保可以連接IP地址，即如果PC當前在以太網上，則不要在PC處於WiFi時使用該IP地址。

希望這對您有用。 任何問題都留在評論中:)

編輯

視窗

ipconfig示例輸出：

> ipconfig

Windows IP Configuration


Ethernet adapter Ethernet:

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . : home
   IPv6 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 2a00:23c6:6586:2400:e47a:c60e:812b:1123
   IPv6 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:e47a:c60e:812b:1123
   Temporary IPv6 Address. . . . . . : 2a00:23c6:6586:2400:d1fe:95f5:27c3:c4b8
   Temporary IPv6 Address. . . . . . : fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:d1fe:95f5:27c3:c4b8
   Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::e47a:c60e:812b:1123%19
   IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.151
   Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : fe80::8aa6:c6ff:fe23:7a15%19
                                       192.168.1.254

您正在尋找以下行：

   IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.151

IP是末尾的任何值（例如192.168.1.151 ）

查找您的樹莓派IP

除非您更改了一些高級設置，否則Raspberry Pi的主機名將是raspberrypi或raspberrypi.local 。 我都看過 如果您想知道IP地址，請使用下面的Python腳本，並嘗試從打印的列表中ping所有IP，以找出Pi實際使用的IP。

在您的PC上運行：

import socket

host1 = "raspberrypi"
host2 = "raspberrypi.local"

try:
    ip1 = socket.gethostbyname_ex(host1)[-1]
except:
    ip1 = []

try:
    ip2 = socket.gethostbyname_ex(host2)[-1]
except:
    ip2 = []

print(list(set(ip1+ip2)))

還有其他問題，請讓我知道:)