AWK交換列並有條件地替換另一列

Question

我有看起來像這樣的數據

A 12 14 + aaa
B 16 19 + bbb
C 14 10 + ccc
D 9 20 + ddd
E 12 6 + eee

如果$ 2> $ 3，我想交換$ 2和$ 3將$ 4更改為“-”。 最終結果應如下所示：

A 12 14 + aaa
B 16 19 + bbb
C 10 14 - ccc
D 9 20 + ddd
E 6 12 - eee

我可以做到

awk -F "\t" '$2 > $3 {print $1 "\t" $3 "\t" $2 "\t" "-" "\t" $5}' file1 > file2
awk -F "\t" '$3 > $2 {print $1 "\t" $2 "\t" $3 "\t" "+" "\t" $5}' file1 >> file2

但這看起來很凌亂，而且絕對有一種更整潔的方法。 在bash和awk方面更有經驗的人可以啟發我嗎？

Answer 1

您可以嘗試以下嗎？

awk '$2>$3{tmp=$2;$2=$3;$3=tmp;$4="-"} 1' Input_file

如果您的Input_file用制表符分隔，則在上面的代碼中添加-F'\\t' 。

說明：

awk '
$2>$3{     ##Checking condition if $2 is greater than $3 then do following.
  tmp=$2   ##Creating a variable tmp whose value is $2.
  $2=$3    ##Setting $3 value to $2 here.
  $3=tmp   ##Setting variable tmp value to $3 here.
  $4="-"   ##Setting $4 as - as per requirement.
}          ##Closing condition BLOCK here.
1          ##Mentioning 1  will print edited/non-edited lines, awk works on method of pattern and action, by mentioning 1 I am making pattern/condition as true and no action is mentioned so default print of line will happen.
' Input_file ##Mentioning Input_file name here.