如何使用 JPA 中的規范連接多個列？

Question

我正在嘗試將查詢轉換為 JPA 規范，該查詢包含帶有 OR 條件的 JOIN 操作。

這是查詢：

select u from User u inner join Operation o on (u.id = o.verificateur1 or u.id = o.verificateur2) where o.id not in (:ids)

我試圖編寫一個規范，但我被阻止如何使用 OR 條件加入多個列。

public class UserSpecification {

    public static Specification<User> UsersNotInSelectedOperations(final List<Long> operationId ){

        return new Specification<User>() {
            @Override
            public Predicate toPredicate(Root<User> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) {
                Join<User, Operation> userJoinOp = root.join("fk_user1_id");
                final Path<User> users = userJoinOp.get("id");
                return criteriaBuilder.not(users.in(operationId));
            }
        };
    }

}

用戶實體：

@Entity
@Table(name = "aigle_user")
public class User extends AbstractEntity implements UserDetails {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 2840226091237599675L;

    @Column(name = "mail", nullable = true)
    private String mail;

    @Column(name = "password")
    private String password;

    @Column(name = "is_activated")
    private boolean isActivated;

    @Column(name = "is_admin")
    private boolean isAdmin;

    @ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.PERSIST })
    @LazyCollection(LazyCollectionOption.FALSE)
    @JoinTable(name = "aigle_group_user", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "fk_user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "fk_group_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
    private Set<Group> groups;

    @ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.PERSIST })
    @LazyCollection(LazyCollectionOption.FALSE)
    @JoinTable(name = "aigle_role_user", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "fk_user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "fk_role_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
    private Set<Role> roles;

    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "destinataire", orphanRemoval = true)
    private Set<Tache> taches;

    @Column(name = "last_name", unique = false)
    private String lastName;

    @Column(name = "first_name", unique = false)
    private String firstName;

    @Column(name = "telephone")
    private String telephone;

    private String salesforceId;

-----
}

運營實體

public class Operation extends OperationField {

...
    @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "fk_user1_id")
    private User verificateur1;

    @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "fk_user2_id")
    private User verificateur2;
.....
}

我希望有一個規范來替換上面的查詢

Answer 1

您可以嘗試使用子查詢而不是連接表達式

    public static Specification<User> UsersNotInSelectedOperations(final List<Long> operationIds) {
            return (root, query, builder) -> {
                    Subquery<Operation> subquery = query.subquery(Operation.class);
                    Root<Operation> operation = subquery.from(Operation.class);

                    Predicate predicate1_1 = builder.equal(operation.get("verificateur1").get("id"), root.get("id"));
                    Predicate predicate1_2 = builder.equal(operation.get("verificateur2").get("id"), root.get("id"));
    
                    Predicate predicate1 = builder.or(predicate1_1, predicate1_2); 
                    Predicate predicate2 = operation.get("id").in(operationIds).not();
    
                    subquery.select(operation).where(predicate1, predicate2);
    
                    return builder.exists(subquery);
            };
   }

使用這個規范，你會得到一個像這樣的 HQL 查詢

from User u
where exists( // subquery ->
  from Operation o
  where (o.verificateur1.id = u.id or o.verificateur2.id = u.id) // predicate 1
  and o.id not in (:ids) // predicate 2
  // <- subquery
)

from User u是來自用戶 u 的select u from User u的較短替代品

我寫了這段代碼沒有運行，所以它需要修改