讀取 csv 文件：列表索引超出范圍

Question

我應該閱讀有關唐納德特朗普的 facebook 更新的 CSV 文件。 我需要在這樣的列表中創建字典：

[{'link_name': 'Timeline Photos',
'num_angrys': '7',
'num_comments': '543',
'num_hahas': '17',
'num_likes': '6178',
'num_loves': '572',
'num_reactions': '6813',
'num_sads': '0',
'num_shares': '359',
'num_wows': '39',
'status_id': '153080620724_10157915294545725',
'status_link': 'https://www.facebook.com/DonaldTrump/photos/a.488852220724.393301.153080620724/10157915294545725/?type=3',
'status_message': 'Beautiful evening in Wisconsin- THANK YOU for your incredible support tonight! Everyone get out on November 8th - and VOTE! LETS MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN! -DJT',
'status_published': '10/17/2016 20:56:51',
'status_type': 'photo'},

使用代碼。 我需要獲取前兩個狀態更新，但是當我輸入代碼時，我收到一條錯誤消息，顯示“列表索引超出范圍”。

這是代碼

def read_csv(input_file, delimiter=","):
    # your code here
    import csv
    csv_data= []
    with open(filename, "r") as csvfile: 
        for row in csvfile:
            row = row.strip("\n")
            columns = row.split(",")

            dict_row = {"link_name": columns [0],
                        "num_angrys": columns [1],
                        "num_comments":columns[2],
                        "num_hahas": columns [3],
                        "num_loves": columns [4],
                        "num_reactions": columns [5],
                        "num_sads": columns [6],
                        "num_shares": columns[7],
                        "num_wows": columns [8],
                        "status_id": columns[9],
                        "status_link": columns[10],
                        "status_message": columns [11],
                        "status_published": columns[12],
                        "status_type": columns[13]}
            csv_data.append(dict_row)


filename = "../Data/csv_data/trump_facebook.tsv"
status_updates = read_csv(filename, delimiter="\t") 
status_updates[0:2]

這是錯誤信息

IndexError                                Traceback (most recent call 
last)
<ipython-input-16-352e8f130d5d> in <module>

 27 filename = "../Data/csv_data/trump_facebook.tsv"
---> 28 status_updates = read_csv(filename, delimiter="\t")
 29 status_updates[0:2]

<ipython-input-16-352e8f130d5d> in read_csv(input_file, delimiter)
  9 
 10             dict_row = {"link_name": columns [0],
---> 11                        "num_angrys": columns [1],
 12                        "num_comments":columns[2],
 13                        "num_hahas": columns [3],

IndexError: list index out of range

任何幫助將不勝感激！

更新：我已經用這個新代碼解決了這個問題，但是打印 status_updates [0:2] 給我一個 output ，標題如下：

def read_csv(input_file, delimiter=","):
# your code here
csv_data= []
with open(filename, "r") as csvfile:     
    for row in csvfile:
        row = row.strip("\n")
        columns = row.split("\t")
        dict_row = {"link_name":columns[2],
                    "num_angrys" : columns[14],
                     "num_comments": columns[7],
                    "num_hahas": columns[12],
                     "num_likes": columns[9],
                    "num_loves": columns[10],
                     "num_reactions": columns [6],
                    "num_sads": columns[13],
                    "num_shares": columns [8],
                     "num_wows": columns [11],
                    "status_id": columns [0],
                    "status_link": columns [4],
                   "status_message": columns [1],
                    "status_published": columns [5],
                   "status_type": columns [3],}
        csv_data.append(dict_row)
return csv_data

filename = "../Data/csv_data/trump_facebook.tsv"
status_updates = read_csv(filename, delimiter="\t") 
status_updates[0:2]

output：

[{'link_name': 'link_name',
'num_angrys': 'num_angrys',
'num_comments': 'num_comments',
'num_hahas': 'num_hahas',
'num_likes': 'num_likes',
'num_loves': 'num_loves',
'num_reactions': 'num_reactions',
'num_sads': 'num_sads',
'num_shares': 'num_shares',
'num_wows': 'num_wows',
'status_id': 'status_id',
'status_link': 'status_link',
'status_message': 'status_message',
'status_published': 'status_published',
'status_type': 'status_type'},
{'link_name': 'Timeline Photos',
'num_angrys': '7',
'num_comments': '543',
'num_hahas': '17',
'num_likes': '6178',
'num_loves': '572',
'num_reactions': '6813',
'num_sads': '0',
'num_shares': '359',
'num_wows': '39',
'status_id': '153080620724_10157915294545725',
'status_link': 'https://www.facebook.com/DonaldTrump/photos/a.488852220724.393301.153080620724/10157915294545725/?type=3',
'status_message': 'Beautiful evening in Wisconsin- THANK YOU for your 
incredible support tonight! Everyone get out on November 8th - and VOTE! LETS 
MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN! -DJT',
'status_published': '10/17/2016 20:56:51',
'status_type': 'photo'}] 

我可以輕松地將 status_update[0:2] 替換為 [1:3]，但必須有一種更優雅的方法來刪除 header 行，因此我不必擔心每次調用此 function 時使用 1 索引。 感謝您的所有幫助！

Answer 1

csv 文件是什么樣的。 我看到 function 調用使用分隔符作為\t但實際代碼始終使用, 。

此外，您可能需要考慮使用 python csv模塊來完成這項工作。

Answer 2

您可以使用這種方法解決您的問題：

 1. read first string of csv file as header 2. construct mapping "header-row" using `zip()` function

def row_preprocess(row, delimiter='\t'):
    return row.strip('\n').split(delimiter)

def read_csv(path_to_file, delimiter='\t'):
    csv_data = []
    with open(path_to_file, 'r') as f:
        column_values = row_preprocess(next(f), delimiter)
        for row in f:
            row_values = row_preprocess(row, delimiter)
            mapping = dict(zip(column_values, row_values))
            csv_data.append(mapping)
    return csv_data