無法在 django 中向用戶 model 添加兩個外鍵

Question

我有一個用戶 model 已擴展以存儲額外信息。 現在我有一個部門表，它有兩個鍵（外鍵），它們將與用戶表中的列相關。 但我收到一個錯誤。

這是我嘗試過的

模型.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
# Create your models here.

class Profile(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
    (1, ("Permanent")),
    (2, ("Temporary")),
    )
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
    (1, ("Male")),
    (2, ("Female")),
    (3, ("Not Specified"))
    )
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    emp_type = models.IntegerField(choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default=1)
    contact = models.CharField(max_length=13, blank=True)
    whatsapp = models.CharField(max_length=13, blank=True)
    gender = models.IntegerField(choices=GENDER_CHOICES, default=3)
    avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='users/images', default='users/images/default.jpg')
    manager_username = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, related_name='usernames', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username


@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        Profile.objects.create(user=instance)

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    instance.profile.save()


class Department(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True)
    manager = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, related_name='manager_usernames', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)

    tech_lead = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, related_name='usernames', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)

錯誤信息錯誤：

users.Department.tech_lead: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'Department.tech_lead' clashes with reverse accessor for 'Profile.manager_username'.
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'Department.tech_lead' or 'Profile.manager_username'.
users.Department.tech_lead: (fields.E305) Reverse query name for 'Department.tech_lead' clashes with reverse query name for 'Profile.manager_username'.
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'Department.tech_lead' or 'Profile.manager_username'.
users.Profile.manager_username: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'Profile.manager_username' clashes with reverse accessor for 'Department.tech_lead'.
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'Profile.manager_username' or 'Department.tech_lead'.
users.Profile.manager_username: (fields.E305) Reverse query name for 'Profile.manager_username' clashes with reverse query name for 'Department.tech_lead'.
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'Profile.manager_username' or 'Department.tech_lead'.

但是當我是tech_lead = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, related_name='usernames', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)這一行。 一切正常。 誰能告訴我哪里出錯了。 只有當我在我的數據庫中添加部門 model 時才會出現這個問題，否則用戶 model 工作得很好。

編輯：正如評論中指出的那樣，我在to_field和related_name之間感到困惑。 我將模型中的 related_name 與 to_field 混淆了。

Answer 1

正如錯誤所說， Profile.manager_username的相關名稱與Department.tech_lead的名稱沖突。 改變其中之一，使它們不一樣。

（雖然我必須說，你的建模很奇怪。當然，技術主管不能負責多個部門？所以這種關系應該是一對一的。為什么要明確地將個人資料鏈接到經理，而不是部門？）