使用 django 在 heroku 上創建超級用戶時出錯

Question

我在 heroku 上創建了一個名為學習日志的應用程序（它是 python 速成課程書中的一個項目）。當我嘗試創建超級用戶時，它向我顯示一個錯誤。

我首先運行（在終端中）：

heroku run bash

接着：

python manage.py createsuperuser

主要錯誤如下：

You have 20 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, learning_logs, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 383, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: auth_user

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

我已經多次應用遷移，但我仍然收到未應用的遷移錯誤。

錯誤的rest是這樣的：

    File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py", line 61, in execute
    return super().execute(*args, **options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 364, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py", line 82, in handle
    default_username = get_default_username()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/__init__.py", line 140, in get_default_username
    auth_app.User._default_manager.get(username=default_username)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 402, in get
    num = len(clone)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 256, in __len__
    self._fetch_all()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1242, in _fetch_all
    self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 55, in __iter__
    results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1100, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 99, in execute
    return super().execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value

執行命令時也出現錯誤：

git push heroku master

當我運行它時，我得到：

    Enumerating objects: 18, done.
Counting objects: 100% (18/18), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (12/12), done.
Writing objects: 100% (12/12), 1022 bytes | 511.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 12 (delta 10), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Compressing source files... done.
remote: Building source:
remote:
remote: -----> Python app detected
remote: -----> Installing requirements with pip
remote:
remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput

其次是錯誤：

    remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
remote:            import psycopg2 as Database
remote:        ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'psycopg2'
remote:        During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
remote:            main()
remote:          File "manage.py", line 17, in main
remote:            execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
remote:            utility.execute()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 357, in execute
remote:            django.setup()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
remote:            apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
remote:            app_config.import_models()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 211, in import_models
remote:            self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
remote:            return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 2, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 47, in <module>
remote:            class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 117, in __new__
remote:            new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 321, in add_to_class
remote:            value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 204, in contribute_to_class
remote:            self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
remote:            return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 201, in __getitem__
remote:            backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 110, in load_backend
remote:            return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
remote:            return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 24, in <module>
remote:            raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e)
remote:        django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: No module named 'psycopg2'
remote:
remote:  !     Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.
remote:        See traceback above for details.
remote:
remote:        You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
remote:        Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:
remote:
remote:           $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
remote:
remote:        https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets
remote:  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
remote:
remote:  !     Push failed
remote: Verifying deploy...
remote:
remote: !       Push rejected to blooming-taiga-32833.
remote:
To https://git.heroku.com/blooming-taiga-32833.git
 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.heroku.com/blooming-taiga-32833.git'

誰能幫我解決這個問題？

先感謝您！！

Answer 1

我在本書作者的幫助下找到了解決方案。 我必須將 psycopg2>=2.6.1 包含到 requirements.txt 文件中。