OCCI：使用 SSL 錢包身份驗證連接到 OracleDB

Question

我對 OracleDB 相當陌生。 我正在研究在不提供用戶名和密碼的情況下將客戶端應用程序連接到服務器上的 Oracle 數據庫。 我的理解是否正確，這可以使用orapki錢包來實現？ 我正在使用我的筆記本電腦通過充當客戶端和服務器來測試這一點。

我正在使用orapki為客戶端和服務器端創建錢包，如下所示：

Create Server Wallet :
orapki wallet create -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -auto_login
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=MyHostName" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650 -sign_alg sha256
orapki wallet export -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=MyHostName" -cert C:/app/wallet/MyHostName-certificate.crt

Create Client Wallet: [I choose CN name to match username for oracleDB login name, i.e., abcd]
orapki wallet create -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -auto_login
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=abcd" -keysize 1024 -self_signed -validity 3650 -sign_alg sha256
orapki wallet export -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -dn "CN=abcd" -cert C:/app/client_wallet/abcd-certificate.crt

將證書從一側加載到另一側的錢包中。

Load the server certificate into the client wallet.
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -trusted_cert -cert C:/app/wallet/MyHostName-certificate.crt

Load the Client certificate into the server wallet.
orapki wallet add -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1 -trusted_cert -cert C:/app/client_wallet/abcd-certificate.crt

顯示錢包給出以下結果：

Server Wallet:
orapki wallet display -wallet "C:/app/wallet" -pwd Welcome1

Oracle PKI Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Requested Certificates:
User Certificates:
Subject:        CN=MyHostName
Trusted Certificates:
Subject:        CN=abcd
Subject:        CN=MyHostName

Client Wallet:
orapki wallet display -wallet "C:/app/client_wallet" -pwd Welcome1

Oracle PKI Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Requested Certificates:
User Certificates:
Subject:        CN=abcd
Trusted Certificates:
Subject:        CN=MyHostName
Subject:        CN=abcd

我從上面的理解是服務器和客戶端現在相互信任，因此有利於建立連接。

服務器設置文件如下圖：

tnsnames.ora

TCP_ACTIVE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

TCPS_ACTIVE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

監聽器.ora

SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE

WALLET_LOCATION =
  (SOURCE =
    (METHOD = FILE)
    (METHOD_DATA =
      (DIRECTORY = C:\app\wallet)
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\bin\oraclr12.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (BEQ, TCPS, NTS)
SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE = FALSE

#SSL_VERSION = 0

TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = SUPPORT

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE

WALLET_LOCATION =
  (SOURCE =
    (METHOD = FILE)
    (METHOD_DATA =
      (DIRECTORY = C:\app\wallet)
    )
  )

#SSL_CIPHER_SUITES= (SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA)

我有一個簡單的 c++ 測試客戶端，使用 OCCI 和設置文件，如下所示

tnsnames.ora

TCP_ACTIVE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

TCPS_ACTIVE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCPS)(HOST = MyHostName)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

sqlnet.ora

TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT=support

WALLET_LOCATION =
  (SOURCE =
    (METHOD = FILE)
    (METHOD_DATA =
      (DIRECTORY = C:\app\client_wallet)
    )
  )



SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION =TRUE
SSL_SERVER_DN_MATCH=OFF
TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = 16
TRACE_FILE_CLIENT = client_trace
TRACE_TIMESTAMP_CLIENT = ON 
TRACE_DIRECTORY_CLIENT = C:\Client 
DIAG_ADR_ENABLED=ON

我的服務器監聽服務狀態如下圖：

LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                24-OCT-2019 19:46:17
Uptime                    0 days 21 hr. 31 min. 25 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   C:\app\MyUser\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
Listener Log File         C:\app\MyUser\diag\tnslsnr\MyHostName\listener\alert\log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=1522)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC1521ipc)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=MyHostName)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=C:\app\wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

當我嘗試使用連接字符串“ TCP_ACTIVE ”連接到服務器並提供用戶名和密碼時，我能夠正常連接

Environment *env = Environment::createEnvironment();                        
Connection *conn = env->createConnection(m_username.c_str(), m_password.c_str(), m_dbConnectionString.c_str());

“conn”中的連接似乎已經形成並且能夠使用它來成功運行簡單的查詢。

但是當我嘗試使用TCPS_ACTIVE連接字符串連接到服務器時，我只能在提供用戶名和密碼時才能連接。 以下是我在未提供用戶名和密碼時收到的錯誤消息：

ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

我很好奇是否可以使用錢包而不使用用戶名和密碼連接到服務器？ 如果是這樣，我應該如何設置它以進行測試？

謝謝

PS：我已經研究過類似的問題，但我不明白設置是如何完成的。

Answer 1

看來我的用戶需要在外部被識別為“CN = abcd”才能工作。 Go 到 SQL 開發人員使用管理員登錄並運行：

alter user abcd identified externally as 'CN=abcd';

以上代碼無需使用密碼即可連接。