在 sed 或 awk 中的兩個匹配項之間的最后一行之前插入文本

Question

我有這樣的文件：

subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
    }

這可以重復使用不同的“類型”

我想在“set”中的最后一個 } 之前插入一些東西

所以它看起來像（不確定 awk 或 sed 是否可以以某種方式檢測到前面有多少個空格：D）：

subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
        something
    }

我可以匹配它

sed "/type.*.car.*/,/\} .... something here..."

文件我只是想不通..我不能尋找“輪子”，因為那可能是不同的東西。 任何幫助將非常感激。

Answer 1

這可能對您有用（GNU sed）：

sed '/\<type\>.*\<car\>/{h;:a;n;/^\s*}/!ba;x;s/\S.*/something/;G}' file

查找包含所需type的行，復制該行，然后讀取/打印后續行，直到以右花括號開頭的行。 切換回復制的行並將第一個非空格中的所有內容替換為所需的字符串 append 包含右花括號的行並打印結果。

Answer 2

鑒於：

subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
    }
    set {
        type "second"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
    }

如果您只想在鍵入“car”時添加“something”，請運行以下命令：

perl -0777 -ape 's/set\h*{[^}]*type "car"[^}]*\K(?=\n\h+})/\n\tsomething/g' file.txt 
subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
        something
    }
    set {
        type "second"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
    }

解釋：

s/          # substitute
  set           # literally
  \h*           # 0 or more horizontal spaces
  {             # opening curly brace
  [^}]*         # 0 or more non curly brace
  type "car"    # literally
  [^}]*         # 0 or more non curly brace
  \K            # forget all we have seen until this position
  (?=\n\h+})    # positive lookahead, make  sure we have after a linefeed and some horizontal spaces and a closing curly brace
/           # with
  \n            # linefeed
  \t            # a tab
  something     # whatever you want
/g          # end subs, global

Answer 3

這是另一個awk腳本（標准 Linux gawk）。

腳本.awk

/ +set {/,/ +}/{
    if($0 ~ /type "car"/ ) f = 1; 
    if($0 ~ / +}/ && f == 1) {
        print "        something";
        f = 0;
    }
}1

輸入.txt

subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
    }
    set {
        type "baot"
        product "nice"
        dealer "here"
        features "1"
        wheels 0
    }
    set {
        type "horse"
        product "too"
        dealer "very"
        features "2"
        wheels 0
    }
}

跑步：

awk -f script.awk input.txt

output：

subset {
    set {
        type "car"
        product "ww"
        dealer "something"
        features "0"
        wheels 4
        something
    }
    set {
        type "baot"
        product "nice"
        dealer "here"
        features "1"
        wheels 0
    }
    set {
        type "horse"
        product "too"
        dealer "very"
        features "2"
        wheels 0
    }
}