java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError 異常：使用 JUnit 運行 cucumber 測試時出現 gherkin/util/FixJava

Question

我正在嘗試使用JUnit運行 cucumber 測試並獲得異常

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: gherkin/util/FixJava

跑步者類：

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import cucumber.junit.Cucumber; 


    @RunWith(Cucumber.class) 
    @Cucumber.Options(
            features = ".//FeatureFile", //the path of the feature files
            glue= "StepDfb"
            )


    public class RunTest { 

    }

異常堆棧跟蹤

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: gherkin/util/FixJava
    at cucumber.runtime.RuntimeOptions.<clinit>(RuntimeOptions.java:25)
    at cucumber.junit.RuntimeOptionsFactory.create(RuntimeOptionsFactory.java:30)
    at cucumber.junit.Cucumber.<init>(Cucumber.java:56)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:87)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:73)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:46)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:523)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:761)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:461)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:207)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: gherkin.util.FixJava
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    ... 20 more

I have added the below Cucumber jar files to Eclipse and added the cucumber plugin to eclipse

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
        <version>2.47.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-jvm</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
        <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-jvm-deps</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.masterthought</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-reporting</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
        <version>2.12.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.2</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.10</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>


</dependencies>

非常感謝解決此問題的任何幫助

Answer 1

1. 您為 Cucumber 依賴項使用不同的版本。 確保對所有 Cucumber 依賴項使用相同的版本，以防止出現問題。
2. 您正在顯式導入作為傳遞依賴項的依賴項。 從你的 pom.xml 中刪除這些。
3. 您使用的是非常舊的 Cucumber 版本。 請使用更新的。

您可以在 cucumber 文檔中找到您需要的依賴項及其最新版本：cucumber.io/docs 安裝： https://cucumber.io/docs/installation

Answer 2

The way is you download gherkin-2.12.2.jar, gherkin-2.12.2-sources.jar files from https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/info/cukes/gherkin/2.12.2/ and add them in你的圖書館。