在 Python 如何從 Json 響應中獲取特定字段？

Question

大家好，這里是我的 Json 回復：

{
  "assets": [
    {
      "id": 518447,
      "created_at": "2019-09-10T10:13:38Z",
      "priority": 10,
      "operating_system": "Microsoft - Windows - Windows Server 2008 R2, Enterprise Edition - SP1",
      "notes": null,
      "last_booted_at": null,
      "primary_locator": "external_id",
      "locator": "1112359",
      "vulnerabilities_count": 22,
      "status": "active",
      "last_seen_time": "2019-09-08T16:00:17Z",
      "network_ports": [
        {
          "id": 33550493,
          "port_number": 180,
          "extra_info": "",
          "hostname": null,
          "name": "HTTP",
          "ostype": "",
          "product": "JBoss EAP",
          "protocol": "tcp",
          "state": "open",
          "version": "4.2.3.GA"
        },
        {
          "id": 33550494,
          "port_number": 100,
          "extra_info": "",
          "hostname": null,
          "name": "SNMP",
          "ostype": "",
          "product": null,
          "protocol": "udp",
          "state": "open",
          "version": null
        },

      ],
      "tags": [
        "Windows Server",
        "DO - DO SPG BOM"
      ],
      "owner": null,
      "urls": {
        "vulnerabilities": ""
      },
      "ip_address": "10.10.10.1",
      "database": null,
      "hostname": null,
      "fqdn": null,
      "netbios": null,
      "application": null,
      "file": null,
      "mac_address": null,
      "ec2": null,
      "url": null,
      "external_id": "1112359",
      "ipv6": null,
      "asset_groups": [
        {
          "id": 4,
          "name": "0 Global - All"
        },
        {
          "id": 204,
          "name": "DO - All"
        },
        {
          "id": 417,
          "name": "Do - All"
        }
      ]
    },

我想要做的是獲取特定字段，例如標簽、操作系統等，但我不知道在這種情況下我應該實施什么邏輯來挑選我想要收集的信息。

這是我到目前為止所做的

import requests
import  gzip
import json

url = 'https://api.thisismyurl.com/assets/'
token = 'Blahblahblah'
# 'Content-Type': 'application/json'
headers = {'X-Risk-Token': token, 'Accept': 'application/json'}
response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
json_format = json.loads(response.text)

這是我不知道在這種情況下必須如何前進的地方。

有任何想法嗎？

Answer 1

首先，您的 json 無效是缺少右括號。 這個有效：

{
"assets": [{
            "id": 518447,
            "created_at": "2019-09-10T10:13:38Z",
            "priority": 10,
            "operating_system": "Microsoft - Windows - Windows Server 2008 R2, Enterprise Edition - SP1",
            "notes": null,
            "last_booted_at": null,
            "primary_locator": "external_id",
            "locator": "1112359",
            "vulnerabilities_count": 22,
            "status": "active",
            "last_seen_time": "2019-09-08T16:00:17Z",
            "network_ports": [{
                    "id": 33550493,
                    "port_number": 180,
                    "extra_info": "",
                    "hostname": null,
                    "name": "HTTP",
                    "ostype": "",
                    "product": "JBoss EAP",
                    "protocol": "tcp",
                    "state": "open",
                    "version": "4.2.3.GA"
                },
                {
                    "id": 33550494,
                    "port_number": 100,
                    "extra_info": "",
                    "hostname": null,
                    "name": "SNMP",
                    "ostype": "",
                    "product": null,
                    "protocol": "udp",
                    "state": "open",
                    "version": null
                }
            ],
            "tags": [
                "Windows Server",
                "DO - DO SPG BOM"
            ],
            "owner": null,
            "urls": {
                "vulnerabilities": ""
            },
            "ip_address": "10.10.10.1",
            "database": null,
            "hostname": null,
            "fqdn": null,
            "netbios": null,
            "application": null,
            "file": null,
            "mac_address": null,
            "ec2": null,
            "url": null,
            "external_id": "1112359",
            "ipv6": null,
            "asset_groups": [{
                    "id": 4,
                    "name": "0 Global - All"
                },
                {
                    "id": 204,
                    "name": "DO - All"
                },
                {
                    "id": 417,
                    "name": "Do - All"
                }
        ]
    }]
}

使用 json 創建變量后，您可以通過以下方式訪問數據：

print(json_format['assets'])

這將返回 ['assets'] 中的所有對象：

[{'id': 518447, 'created_at': '2019-09-10T10:13:38Z', 'priority': 10, 'operating_system': 'Microsoft - Windows - Windows Server 2008 R2, Enterprise Edition - SP1', 'notes': None, 'last_booted_at': None, 'primary_locator': 'external_id', 'locator': '1112359', 'vulnerabilities_count': 22, 'status': 'active', 'last_seen_time': '2019-09-08T16:00:17Z', 'network_ports': [{'id': 33550493, 'port_number': 180, 'extra_info': '', 'hostname': None, 'name': 'HTTP', 'ostype': '', 'product': 'JBoss EAP', 'protocol': 'tcp', 'state': 'open', 'version': '4.2.3.GA'}, {'id': 33550494, 'port_number': 100, 'extra_info': '', 'hostname': None, 'name': 'SNMP', 'ostype': '', 'product': None, 'protocol': 'udp', 'state': 'open', 'version': None}], 'tags': ['Windows Server', 'DO - DO SPG BOM'], 'owner': None, 'urls': {'vulnerabilities': ''}, 'ip_address': '10.10.10.1', 'database': None, 'hostname': None, 'fqdn': None, 'netbios': None, 'application': None, 'file': None, 'mac_address': None, 'ec2': None, 'url': None, 'external_id': '1112359', 'ipv6': None, 'asset_groups': [{'id': 4, 'name': '0 Global - All'}, {'id': 204, 'name': 'DO - All'}, {'id': 417, 'name': 'Do - All'}]}]

您可以在 ['assets'] object 之后直接添加 select 下一個 object：

print(json_format['assets'][0]['ip_address'])

返回：

10.10.10.1

這一直在繼續：

print(json_format['assets'][0]['network_ports'][0]['version'])

返回

4.2.3.GA

[0] 用於我們想要來自第一次出現的 ['assets'] object 和第一次出現的網絡端口的數據。 [1] 將是具有此標題的第二個 object。