如何使用自上而下的 web 服務？

Question

我一直在嘗試使用 Eclipse、Tomcat 8 和 Axis 實現的相當復雜的 web 服務遇到各種問題。 這是我第一次使用 web 服務，所以我決定開始嘗試一些更簡單的東西，以確保我知道自己在做什么。 這是我目前用來從 Eclipse 生成服務的 WSDL。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" 
 xmlns:tns="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/" 
xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" 
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
name="WeatherService" 
targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/">
  <wsdl:types>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/">
      <xsd:element name="GetCurrentTemperatureRq">
        <xsd:complexType>
          <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="city" type="xsd:string"/>
          </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
      </xsd:element>
      <xsd:element name="GetCurrentTemperatureRs">
        <xsd:complexType>
          <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="temperature" type="xsd:string"/>
          </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
      </xsd:element>
    </xsd:schema>
  </wsdl:types>
  <wsdl:message name="GetCurrentTemperatureRq">
    <wsdl:part element="tns:GetCurrentTemperatureRq" name="parameters"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="GetCurrentTemperatureRs">
    <wsdl:part element="tns:GetCurrentTemperatureRs" name="parameters"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:portType name="WeatherServicePortType">
    <wsdl:operation name="GetCurrentTemperature">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCurrentTemperatureRq"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCurrentTemperatureRs"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>
  <wsdl:binding name="WeatherServiceSOAP" type="tns:WeatherServicePortType">
    <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <wsdl:operation name="GetCurrentTemperature">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/GetCurrentTemperature"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:binding>
  <wsdl:service name="WeatherService">
    <wsdl:port binding="tns:WeatherServiceSOAP" name="WeatherServiceSOAP">
      <soap:address location="http://localhost:80/WeatherServiceApp/WeatherService"/>
    </wsdl:port>
  </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

這個 WSDL 不是我自己的，取自 教程。 我沒有嚴格遵循本教程，因為 Axis 使用 wsdl2java 而不是 wsimport 進行代碼生成，我讓 Eclipse/Axis 處理 web.xml。

我可以成功生成 Web 服務並使用 Eclipse 的 Web 服務的資源管理器進行測試工作正常。 我的問題是我想使用生成的客戶端進行測試，而不是僅在本地對 web 服務進行測試。 我生成了 web 服務客戶端，並在客戶端內部編寫了一個非常簡單的程序來嘗試測試它。

package client;

import java.rmi.RemoteException;
import org.example.www.WeatherService.*;

public class WeatherServiceClient {
    public static void main(String [] args) throws RemoteException {
        WeatherServiceSOAPStub stub = new WeatherServiceSOAPStub();
        GetCurrentTemperatureRq rq = new GetCurrentTemperatureRq();
        stub.getCurrentTemperature(rq);
    }
}

運行這個我得到一個錯誤。

Nov 19, 2019 11:55:05 AM org.apache.axis.utils.JavaUtils isAttachmentSupported
WARNING: Unable to find required classes (javax.activation.DataHandler and javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart). Attachment support is disabled.
Exception in thread "main" AxisFault
 faultCode: {http://xml.apache.org/axis/}Server.NoEndpoint
 faultSubcode: 
 faultString: No endpoint
 faultActor: 
 faultNode: 
 faultDetail: 
    {http://xml.apache.org/axis/}exceptionName:org.apache.axis.NoEndPointException
    {http://xml.apache.org/axis/}stackTrace:No endpoint
    at org.example.www.WeatherService.WeatherServiceSOAPStub.getCurrentTemperature(WeatherServiceSOAPStub.java:150)
    at client.WeatherServiceClient.main(WeatherServiceClient.java:11)

    {http://xml.apache.org/axis/}hostname:fake_hostname

No endpoint
    at org.example.www.WeatherService.WeatherServiceSOAPStub.getCurrentTemperature(WeatherServiceSOAPStub.java:150)
    at client.WeatherServiceClient.main(WeatherServiceClient.java:11)

當我嘗試這個時，主要的 web 服務正在 Tomcat 中運行。

如何解決此端點問題？ 我的 WSDL 的地址有問題還是需要更改soapAction？

Answer 1

我的問題似乎與 WSDL 或至少我如何生成客戶端有關。 Instead of generating the Web Service and the Web Service Client simultaneously, I instead just generated the Web Service first and deployed it to Tomcat. 似乎 Axis 生成了一個稍微不同的 WSDL 用於我的目的。

So instead of generating the client based off of the original WSDL, I based it off of the WSDL generated by Axis which was at http://localhost:8080/WeatherService/services/WeatherServiceSOAP?wsdl in my case.

對於那些感興趣的人，這里是 Axis 生成的 WSDL。

<wsdl:definitions xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/" xmlns:intf="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/">
    <!--
WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4
Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)
-->
    <wsdl:types>
        <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/">
            <element name="GetCurrentTemperatureRq">
                <complexType>
                    <sequence>
                        <element name="city" type="xsd:string" />
                    </sequence>
                </complexType>
            </element>
            <element name="GetCurrentTemperatureRs">
                <complexType>
                    <sequence>
                        <element name="temperature" type="xsd:string" />
                    </sequence>
                </complexType>
            </element>
        </schema>
    </wsdl:types>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCurrentTemperatureResponse">
        <wsdl:part element="impl:GetCurrentTemperatureRs" name="GetCurrentTemperatureRs"></wsdl:part>
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCurrentTemperatureRequest">
        <wsdl:part element="impl:GetCurrentTemperatureRq" name="GetCurrentTemperatureRq"></wsdl:part>
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:portType name="WeatherServicePortType">
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCurrentTemperature" parameterOrder="GetCurrentTemperatureRq">
            <wsdl:input message="impl:GetCurrentTemperatureRequest" name="GetCurrentTemperatureRequest"></wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output message="impl:GetCurrentTemperatureResponse" name="GetCurrentTemperatureResponse"></wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>
    <wsdl:binding name="WeatherServiceSOAPSoapBinding" type="impl:WeatherServicePortType">
        <wsdlsoap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCurrentTemperature">
            <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction="http://www.example.org/WeatherService/GetCurrentTemperature" />
            <wsdl:input name="GetCurrentTemperatureRequest">
                <wsdlsoap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output name="GetCurrentTemperatureResponse">
                <wsdlsoap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    <wsdl:service name="WeatherService">
        <wsdl:port binding="impl:WeatherServiceSOAPSoapBinding" name="WeatherServiceSOAP">
            <wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8080/WeatherService/services/WeatherServiceSOAP" />
        </wsdl:port>
    </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>