Selenium WebDriver - 無法在 IE11 中拖放元素

Question

我正在嘗試將元素從側面板拖放到表單中。 我寫的拖放代碼如下所示。

Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
builder.dragAndDrop(source, target).build().perform();

這在除 IE11 之外的所有瀏覽器中都可以正常工作。

我嘗試了其他方法，例如

方法 1 -

builder.clickAndHold(source)
        .moveToElement(target)
        .release(target)
        .build()
        .perform();

方法 2 -

builder.clickAndHold(source)
    .pause(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
    .moveByOffset(-1, -1)
    .pause(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
    .moveToElement(target)
    .pause(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
    .moveToElement(target)
    .pause(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
    .release(target)
    .build()
    .perform();

但沒有任何效果。

最重要的是，選項在頁面上什么都不做，但它們正在執行而沒有任何錯誤。 我還嘗試了不同 stackoverflow/gitHub 鏈接中給出的所有 javascript 解決方案，但沒有任何效果。

誰可以幫我這個事？

編輯 1-

正如我之前提到的，我已經嘗試了所有可能/提到的解決方案，但沒有一個有效。 這是我的代碼。

package dragAndDrop;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DryRunIE{

    WebDriver driver;

    @Test
    public void dragAndDrop() {

        System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/Drivers/IEDriverServer.exe");
        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

        driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/droppable/");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.switchTo().frame(0);

        try {
            //simulateDragAndDrop(driver.findElement(By.id("draggable")), driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")));
            //simulateDragDrop(driver.findElement(By.id("draggable")), driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")));
            dragAndDropHelper();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        driver.quit();
        try {
            Runtime.getRuntime().exec("taskkill /F /IM IEDriverServer.exe");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void simulateDragAndDrop(WebElement elementToDrag, WebElement target) throws Exception {

        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        String script = "function createEvent(typeOfEvent) {" + "var event = document.createEvent(\"CustomEvent\");"
                + "event.initCustomEvent(typeOfEvent,true, true, null); " + "event.dataTransfer = { " + "data: {}, "
                + "setData: function (key, value) { this.data[key] = value; }, " + "getData: function (key) { "
                + "return this.data[key]; " + "} " + "}; " + "return event;" + "}"
                + "function dispatchEvent(element, event,transferData) { " + "" + "if (transferData !== undefined) { "
                + "event.dataTransfer = transferData; " + "} " + "" + "if (element.dispatchEvent) { "
                + "element.dispatchEvent(event); " + "} " + "" + "else if (element.fireEvent) { "
                + "element.fireEvent(\"on\" + event.type,event); " + "}" + "}" + ""
                + "function simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(element,target) { "
                + "var dragStartEvent =createEvent('dragstart'); " + "dispatchEvent(element, dragStartEvent); "
                + "var dropEvent = createEvent('drop'); "
                + "dispatchEvent(target, dropEvent,dragStartEvent.dataTransfer); "
                + "var dragEndEvent = createEvent('dragend'); "
                + "dispatchEvent(element, dragEndEvent,dropEvent.dataTransfer);" + "}" + ""
                + "var elementToDrag = arguments[0];" + "var targetElem = arguments[1];" + ""
                + "simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(elementToDrag,targetElem);";
        js.executeScript(script, elementToDrag, target);
    }

    private void simulateDragDrop(WebElement ele_source, WebElement ele_target) {
        final String JS_DnD =
                "var src=arguments[0],tgt=arguments[1];var dataTransfer={dropEffe" +
                "ct:'',effectAllowed:'all',files:[],items:{},types:[],setData:fun" +
                "ction(format,data){this.items[format]=data;this.types.append(for" +
                "mat);},getData:function(format){return this.items[format];},clea" +
                "rData:function(format){}};var emit=function(event,target){var ev" +
                "t=document.createEvent('Event');evt.initEvent(event,true,false);" +
                "evt.dataTransfer=dataTransfer;target.dispatchEvent(evt);};emit('" +
                "dragstart',src);emit('dragenter',tgt);emit('dragover',tgt);emit(" +
                "'drop',tgt);emit('dragend',src);";

                // drag and drop item two into the bin
                ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(JS_DnD, ele_source, ele_target);
    }

    private void dragAndDropHelper() {

        String script = null;
        try {
            script = readFile(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\\drag_and_drop_helper.js");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        js.executeScript(script + "$('#draggable').simulateDragDrop({ dropTarget: '#droppable'});");
        System.out.println();
    }

    // helper method
    private static String readFile(String file) throws IOException {
        Charset cs = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
        FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(file);
        try {
            Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, cs));
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            char[] buffer = new char[8192];
            int read;
            while ((read = reader.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) > 0) {
                builder.append(buffer, 0, read);
            }
            return builder.toString();
        } finally {
            stream.close();
        }
    }
}

我已經在 function 下面一一嘗試取消注釋並執行，但所有這些都成功執行，頁面上沒有任何反應。

注意：我從https://gist.github.com/rcorreia/2362544 獲得了 drag_and_drop_helper.js 。

我在這里有什么遺漏或做錯了嗎？

謝謝，錢德雷什帕爾馬

Answer 1

似乎是 IE11 的一個已知問題，沒有人能夠修復。

在 Selenium 存儲庫中打開了一個相關的 GitHub 問題，但由於缺乏工作的、可重現的示例，它已被關閉：

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/6354

StackExchange 上的其他用戶自 2016 年以來一直看到此問題，但沒有真正的解決方案：

無法為 IE11 自動拖放：Selenium WebDriver （無工作分辨率）

https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22534/why-drag-and-drop-is-not-working-in-selenium-webdriver/26500 （沒有接受的答案，但有幾個人贊成）

我的猜測是 IE 驅動程序只是不穩定，並且拖放可能在某些網站上有效，但在其他網站上則不能，原因不明。 在 Selenium 存儲庫中打開 GitHub 問題可能會更好，並提供一個工作代碼示例 / URL，其中拖放絕對不起作用，一直。

Answer 2

Selenium 現在拖放是有問題的。 這里描述了拖放的模擬： How to simulation HTML5 Drag and Drop in Selenium Webdriver？

Answer 3

我在這個線程中嘗試了答案： Unable to Automate Drag and Drop for IE11: Selenium WebDriver （Christine 也提到過）。 在IE11中配合代碼中的測試頁面和w3schools的拖放頁面可以很好的工作。 您只需在代碼中將您自己的網站 url 和兩個元素的 id 替換為您自己的即可。

-------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - 編輯 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --------------------------

您提供的網站是關於 jQuery 拖放。 它不同於 HTML5 拖放。 此外，拖放元素位於 iframe 中。 我們首先需要使用switchTo()來到達 iframe。 您可以檢查下面的代碼，它可以在 IE 中正常工作：

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver; 
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class IEauto {
    public static void main(String[] args) { 

     //add the IE web driver path here.. 
      System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver","C:\\yourpath\\IEDriverServer_x64_3.14.0\\IEDriverServer.exe");             
      WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(); 

     //replace the URL of the web page here.. 
      driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/droppable/"); 
     //int size = driver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe")).size();
      driver.switchTo().frame(0);

      WebElement ele_source = driver.findElement(By.id("draggable"));
      WebElement ele_target = driver.findElement(By.id("droppable"));

      Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
      builder.dragAndDrop(ele_source, ele_target).build().perform();
    } 
}

結果是這樣的：

Answer 4

正如我之前提到的，我已經嘗試了所有可能/提到的解決方案，但沒有一個有效。 這是我的代碼。

package dragAndDrop;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DryRunIE{

    WebDriver driver;

    @Test
    public void dragAndDrop() {

        System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/Drivers/IEDriverServer.exe");
        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

        driver.get("https://jqueryui.com/droppable/");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.switchTo().frame(0);

        try {
            //simulateDragAndDrop(driver.findElement(By.id("draggable")), driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")));
            //simulateDragDrop(driver.findElement(By.id("draggable")), driver.findElement(By.id("droppable")));
            dragAndDropHelper();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        driver.quit();
        try {
            Runtime.getRuntime().exec("taskkill /F /IM IEDriverServer.exe");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void simulateDragAndDrop(WebElement elementToDrag, WebElement target) throws Exception {

        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        String script = "function createEvent(typeOfEvent) {" + "var event = document.createEvent(\"CustomEvent\");"
                + "event.initCustomEvent(typeOfEvent,true, true, null); " + "event.dataTransfer = { " + "data: {}, "
                + "setData: function (key, value) { this.data[key] = value; }, " + "getData: function (key) { "
                + "return this.data[key]; " + "} " + "}; " + "return event;" + "}"
                + "function dispatchEvent(element, event,transferData) { " + "" + "if (transferData !== undefined) { "
                + "event.dataTransfer = transferData; " + "} " + "" + "if (element.dispatchEvent) { "
                + "element.dispatchEvent(event); " + "} " + "" + "else if (element.fireEvent) { "
                + "element.fireEvent(\"on\" + event.type,event); " + "}" + "}" + ""
                + "function simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(element,target) { "
                + "var dragStartEvent =createEvent('dragstart'); " + "dispatchEvent(element, dragStartEvent); "
                + "var dropEvent = createEvent('drop'); "
                + "dispatchEvent(target, dropEvent,dragStartEvent.dataTransfer); "
                + "var dragEndEvent = createEvent('dragend'); "
                + "dispatchEvent(element, dragEndEvent,dropEvent.dataTransfer);" + "}" + ""
                + "var elementToDrag = arguments[0];" + "var targetElem = arguments[1];" + ""
                + "simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(elementToDrag,targetElem);";
        js.executeScript(script, elementToDrag, target);
    }

    private void simulateDragDrop(WebElement ele_source, WebElement ele_target) {
        final String JS_DnD =
                "var src=arguments[0],tgt=arguments[1];var dataTransfer={dropEffe" +
                "ct:'',effectAllowed:'all',files:[],items:{},types:[],setData:fun" +
                "ction(format,data){this.items[format]=data;this.types.append(for" +
                "mat);},getData:function(format){return this.items[format];},clea" +
                "rData:function(format){}};var emit=function(event,target){var ev" +
                "t=document.createEvent('Event');evt.initEvent(event,true,false);" +
                "evt.dataTransfer=dataTransfer;target.dispatchEvent(evt);};emit('" +
                "dragstart',src);emit('dragenter',tgt);emit('dragover',tgt);emit(" +
                "'drop',tgt);emit('dragend',src);";

                // drag and drop item two into the bin
                ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(JS_DnD, ele_source, ele_target);
    }

    private void dragAndDropHelper() {

        String script = null;
        try {
            script = readFile(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\\drag_and_drop_helper.js");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        js.executeScript(script + "$('#draggable').simulateDragDrop({ dropTarget: '#droppable'});");
        System.out.println();
    }

    // helper method
    private static String readFile(String file) throws IOException {
        Charset cs = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
        FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(file);
        try {
            Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, cs));
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            char[] buffer = new char[8192];
            int read;
            while ((read = reader.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) > 0) {
                builder.append(buffer, 0, read);
            }
            return builder.toString();
        } finally {
            stream.close();
        }
    }
}

我已經在 function 下面一一嘗試取消注釋並執行，但所有這些都成功執行，頁面上沒有任何反應。

注意：我從https://gist.github.com/rcorreia/2362544 獲得了 drag_and_drop_helper.js 。

我在這里有什么遺漏或做錯了嗎？

謝謝，錢德雷什帕爾馬

Answer 5

我也面臨同樣的問題。 請在下面找到自定義 java 腳本 function 進行拖放。

1) 創建 DragDrop.js 文件並在其中粘貼以下代碼

    function customEvent(typeOfEvent) {
    var event = document.createEvent("CustomEvent");
    event.initCustomEvent(typeOfEvent, true, true, null);
    event.dataTransfer = {
        data: {},
        setData: function (key, value) {
            this.data[key] = value;
        },
        getData: function (key) {
            return this.data[key];
        }
    };
    return event;
}
function dispatchEvent(element, event, transferData) {
    if (transferData !== undefined) {
        event.dataTransfer = transferData;
    }
    if (element.dispatchEvent) {
        element.dispatchEvent(event);
    } else if (element.fireEvent) {
        element.fireEvent("on" + event.type, event);
    }
}
function executeDrageAndDrop(element, target) {
    var dragStartEvent = customEvent('dragstart');
    dispatchEvent(element, dragStartEvent);
    var dropEvent = customEvent('drop');
    dispatchEvent(target, dropEvent, dragStartEvent.dataTransfer);
    var dragEndEvent = customEvent('dragend');
    dispatchEvent(element, dragEndEvent, dropEvent.dataTransfer);
}

2）使用下面的代碼我們可以調用上面的自定義函數（下面是C#代碼）

string script = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(@"{filepath of DragDrop.js file}");
script = script + "executeDrageAndDrop(arguments[0], arguments[1])";
IJavaScriptExecutor executor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;

IWebElement source = driver.findElement(By......);
IWebElement target = driver.findElement(By......);

executor.ExecuteScript(script, source, target);

注意：對於 Java - 將上面的 C# 代碼轉換為 Java 並嘗試一下。 我已經嘗試過上面的代碼，它適用於 IE、Edge 和 Chrome 瀏覽器。