如何在 python 腳本上運行高級 Linux 命令

Question

我想獲取以下 linux 命令的字符串 output

systemctl show node_exporter |grep LoadState| awk '{split($0,a,"="); print a[2]}'

我試過了

import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output("systemctl show node_exporter |grep LoadState| awk '{split($0,a,"="); print a[2]}'", shell=True)

but the output is, output = subprocess.check_output("systemctl show node_exporter |grep LoadState| awk '{split($0,a,"="); print a[2]}'", shell=True) SyntaxError: keyword can不是表達

Answer 1

您需要轉義雙引號（因為它們指示字符串的開始/結束）：

import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output("systemctl show node_exporter |grep LoadState| awk '{split($0,a,\"=\"); print a[2]}'", shell=True)

Answer 2

出色地，

首先，function 將字符串列表作為命令，而不是單個字符串。 例如：

"ls -a -l" - wrong
["ls", "-a", "-l"] - good

第二。 If the linux command is super complex or contains lots of lines - it makes sense to create a separate bash file eg command.sh, put your linux commands there and run the script from python with:

import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output(["./command.sh"], shell=True)