如何讓visual studio代碼直接運行vcvarsx86_arm64.bat而不是vcvarsall.bat？

Question

我試圖使用 VSC 使用 MSVC 構建我的 C++ 程序。 我曾經通過執行 vcvarsx86_arm64.bat 然后使用命令來做到這一點。

cl /EHsc /Z7 /W4 /Fe: ${fileDirname}.exe *.cpp

這工作得很好。 但我確實想嘗試以 VSC 的方式來做。 我檢查了 Microsoft 文檔並構建了 c_cpp_properties 如下。

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
            "compilerPath": "C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.23.28105/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

我使用以下構建任務進行測試：

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558 
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "cl.exe build active file",
            "command": "echo hi",
            "group": "build"
        }
    ]
}

這是我收到的錯誤消息

> Executing task: echo hi <

[ERROR:vcvarsall.bat] Invalid argument found : /d
[ERROR:vcvarsall.bat] Invalid argument found : /c
[ERROR:vcvarsall.bat] Invalid argument found : echo
[ERROR:vcvarsall.bat] Invalid argument found : hi
[ERROR:vcvarsall.bat] Error in script usage. The correct usage is:
Syntax:
    vcvarsall.bat [arch] [platform_type] [winsdk_version] [-vcvars_ver=vc_version] [-vcvars_spectre_libs=spectre_mode]
where :
    [arch]: x86 | amd64 | x86_amd64 | x86_arm | x86_arm64 | amd64_x86 | amd64_arm | amd64_arm64     
    [platform_type]: {empty} | store | uwp
    [winsdk_version] : full Windows 10 SDK number (e.g. 10.0.10240.0) or "8.1" to use the Windows 8.1 SDK.
    [vc_version] : {none} for latest installed VC++ compiler toolset |
                   "14.0" for VC++ 2015 Compiler Toolset |
                   "14.xx" for the latest 14.xx.yyyyy toolset installed (e.g. "14.11") |
                   "14.xx.yyyyy" for a specific full version number (e.g. "14.11.25503")
    [spectre_mode] : {none} for libraries without spectre mitigations |
                     "spectre" for libraries with spectre mitigations

The store parameter sets environment variables to support Universal Windows Platform application
development and is an alias for 'uwp'.

For example:
    vcvarsall.bat x86_amd64
    vcvarsall.bat x86_amd64 10.0.10240.0
    vcvarsall.bat x86_arm uwp 10.0.10240.0
    vcvarsall.bat x86_arm onecore 10.0.10240.0 -vcvars_ver=14.0
    vcvarsall.bat x64 8.1
    vcvarsall.bat x64 store 8.1

Please make sure either Visual Studio or C++ Build SKU is installed.

當我直接調用 vcvarsall.bat 時，我看到了相同的錯誤消息。 所以我認為 vcvarsall.bat 正在某處被調用。 但我不知道如何修復它。 我做了一些研究，但沒有發現任何東西。

Answer 1

我最近偶然發現了這個問題的一個類似變體，我發現繞過它的唯一方法是在 tasks.json 上配置 shell 選項。 像這樣：

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "windows": {
        "options": {
            "shell": {
                "executable": "cmd.exe",
                "args": [
                    "/d", "/c", "Your\\Path\\To\\vcvarsx86_arm64.bat", "&" 
                ]
            }
        }
    },
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "Build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "echo write your build command here"
        }
    ]
}

Answer 2

我想添加到上面 Ikeike 的答案中，並指出，如果您不想覆蓋用於文件中所有任務的外殼程序，您可以調整該方法以僅從當前外殼程序調用cmd.exe （在我的情況下，Powershell）。 例如，我的任務如下所示：

    "label": "Configure (CMake, Ninja)",
    "type": "shell",
    "options":
    {
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}\\build"
    },
    "command": "cmd.exe",
    "args":
    [
        "/d",
        "/c",
        "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019\\Professional\\VC\\Auxiliary\\Build\\vcvars64.bat",
        "'&'",
        "cmake",
        "-G", "Ninja",
        ".."
    ]
}

Powershell 要求我引用& ，但其余的很簡單。