如何使用 preg_replace 和正則表達式替換 php 文件中的代碼塊？

Question

我有一個 php 配置文件，其中包含一些用於存儲設置的數組。

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

我對 regex 表達式不是很好（但是）。我很難理解它是如何工作的。 我正在嘗試構建一個正則表達式，允許我替換 array2 中的所有行。 使用preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $str) 。

$str=file_get_contents('config.php');
$pattern = "/[$array2 = array(](.*)[);]/";
$replacement = '    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",';
$str=preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $str);
file_put_contents('config.php', $str);

預期結果將是：

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

Answer 1

我想，也許有些表達類似於

(\h{2,}"[^"\r\n]+")$

可能在這里工作到某種程度：

正則表達式演示

測試

$re = '/(\h{2,}"[^"\r\n]+")$/m';
$str = '$array1 = array(
    "item1\' => "value1",
    "item2\' => "value2",
    "item3\' => "value3",
    "item4\' => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1"
    "item2"
    "item3"
    "item4"
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1\' => "value1",
    "item2\' => "value2",
    "item3\' => "value3",
    "item4\' => "value4",
);';
$subst = '$1,';

$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);

echo $result;

輸出

$array1 = array(
    "item1' => "value1",
    "item2' => "value2",
    "item3' => "value3",
    "item4' => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1' => "value1",
    "item2' => "value2",
    "item3' => "value3",
    "item4' => "value4",
);

---

如果您想簡化/更新/探索該表達式，請在regex101.com的右上面板對其進行解釋。 如果您有興趣，可以在此調試器鏈接中觀看匹配步驟或修改它們。 調試器演示了 RegEx 引擎如何逐步使用一些示例輸入字符串並執行匹配過程。

---

方法二

我想，類似的表達，

(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*

可能可以調查一下。

正則表達式演示 2

$re = '/(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*/';
$str = '$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);';
$subst = '\\n\\t"itemA",\\n\\t"itemB",\\n\\t"itemC",\\n\\t"itemD"\\n';

$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);

echo $result;

輸出 2

$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(\n\t"itemA",\n\t"itemB",\n\t"itemC",\n\t"itemD"\n);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);

Answer 2

首先感謝@Emma 的所有幫助。 這是對我有用的最終代碼，使用相同的示例進行了簡化。

配置.php

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

操作文件的 PHP 代碼：

<?php
function format_array($newarray){
    return('    "'.$newarray.'",');
}
$pattern = '/(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*/';
$myarray = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$myarray = array_map("format_array",$myarray);
array_unshift($myarray, '');
array_pop($myarray);
array_push($myarray,'');
$str=file_get_contents('config.php');
$str=preg_replace($pattern,implode(PHP_EOL, $myarray),$str);
file_put_contents('config.php', $str);
?>

輸出

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

為了獲得包括縮進在內的預期結果，我必須存儲新數組並在末尾創建一個前導空元素和另一個空元素。 這確保在文件中創建換行符，以便我們保持相同的格式。