Bundler 找不到 gem "mimemagic" 的兼容版本

Question

所以我正在嘗試安裝回形針、圖像魔法和 mimemagic。

我成功安裝了imagemagic。

安裝回形針后，它會將錯誤循環到 ff：

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "mimemagic":
  In snapshot (Gemfile.lock):
    mimemagic (= 0.3.3)

  In Gemfile:
    rails (~> 5.2.4) was resolved to 5.2.4, which depends on
      activestorage (= 5.2.4) was resolved to 5.2.4, which depends on
        marcel (~> 0.3.1) was resolved to 0.3.3, which depends on
          mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)

    paperclip (~> 4.3, >= 4.3.6) was resolved to 4.3.7, which depends on
      mimemagic (= 0.3.0)

Running `bundle update` will rebuild your snapshot from scratch, using only
the gems in your Gemfile, which may resolve the conflict.

然后，如果我運行bundle update ：

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "mimemagic":
  In Gemfile:
    mimemagic (~> 0.3.1)

    paperclip (~> 4.3, >= 4.3.6) was resolved to 4.3.7, which depends on
      mimemagic (= 0.3.0)

我正在使用 Ubuntu (linux)。 這是我的 gemfile：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }

ruby '2.6.0'

# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.4'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.11'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'mini_racer', platforms: :ruby

# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 4.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use ActiveStorage variant
# gem 'mini_magick', '~> 4.8'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

# Reduces boot times through caching; required in config/boot.rb
gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.1.0', require: false

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
end

group :development do
  # Access an interactive console on exception pages or by calling 'console' anywhere in the code.
  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
  gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end

group :test do
  # Adds support for Capybara system testing and selenium driver
  gem 'capybara', '>= 2.15'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
  # Easy installation and use of chromedriver to run system tests with Chrome
  gem 'chromedriver-helper'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

# additional gems
gem 'faker', '~> 2.8', '>= 2.8.1'
gem 'bootstrap', '~> 4.4', '>= 4.4.1'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'font-awesome-rails', '~> 4.7', '>= 4.7.0.5'
gem 'kaminari', '~> 1.1', '>= 1.1.1'
gem 'paperclip', '~> 4.3', '>= 4.3.6'
gem 'mimemagic', '~> 0.3.1'

這是我的 Gemfile.lock 文件：

GEM
  remote: https://rubygems.org/
  specs:
    actioncable (5.2.4)
      actionpack (= 5.2.4)
      nio4r (~> 2.0)
      websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
    actionmailer (5.2.4)
      actionpack (= 5.2.4)
      actionview (= 5.2.4)
      activejob (= 5.2.4)
      mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
    actionpack (5.2.4)
      actionview (= 5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      rack (~> 2.0)
      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
    actionview (5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      builder (~> 3.1)
      erubi (~> 1.4)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.3)
    activejob (5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      globalid (>= 0.3.6)
    activemodel (5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
    activerecord (5.2.4)
      activemodel (= 5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      arel (>= 9.0)
    activestorage (5.2.4)
      actionpack (= 5.2.4)
      activerecord (= 5.2.4)
      marcel (~> 0.3.1)
    activesupport (5.2.4)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
      i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
      minitest (~> 5.1)
      tzinfo (~> 1.1)
    addressable (2.7.0)
      public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
    archive-zip (0.12.0)
      io-like (~> 0.3.0)
    arel (9.0.0)
    autoprefixer-rails (9.7.3)
      execjs
    bindex (0.8.1)
    bootsnap (1.4.5)
      msgpack (~> 1.0)
    bootstrap (4.4.1)
      autoprefixer-rails (>= 9.1.0)
      popper_js (>= 1.14.3, < 2)
      sassc-rails (>= 2.0.0)
    builder (3.2.4)
    byebug (11.0.1)
    capybara (3.29.0)
      addressable
      mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
      rack (>= 1.6.0)
      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
      regexp_parser (~> 1.5)
      xpath (~> 3.2)
    childprocess (3.0.0)
    chromedriver-helper (2.1.1)
      archive-zip (~> 0.10)
      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
    coffee-rails (4.2.2)
      coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
      railties (>= 4.0.0)
    coffee-script (2.4.1)
      coffee-script-source
      execjs
    coffee-script-source (1.12.2)
    concurrent-ruby (1.1.5)
    crass (1.0.5)
    erubi (1.9.0)
    execjs (2.7.0)
    faker (2.8.1)
      i18n (>= 1.6, < 1.8)
    ffi (1.11.3)
    font-awesome-rails (4.7.0.5)
      railties (>= 3.2, < 6.1)
    globalid (0.4.2)
      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
    i18n (1.7.0)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
    io-like (0.3.0)
    jbuilder (2.9.1)
      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
    jquery-rails (4.3.5)
      rails-dom-testing (>= 1, < 3)
      railties (>= 4.2.0)
      thor (>= 0.14, < 2.0)
    kaminari (1.1.1)
      activesupport (>= 4.1.0)
      kaminari-actionview (= 1.1.1)
      kaminari-activerecord (= 1.1.1)
      kaminari-core (= 1.1.1)
    kaminari-actionview (1.1.1)
      actionview
      kaminari-core (= 1.1.1)
    kaminari-activerecord (1.1.1)
      activerecord
      kaminari-core (= 1.1.1)
    kaminari-core (1.1.1)
    listen (3.1.5)
      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
      ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
    loofah (2.4.0)
      crass (~> 1.0.2)
      nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
    mail (2.7.1)
      mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
    marcel (0.3.3)
      mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
    method_source (0.9.2)
    mimemagic (0.3.3)
    mini_mime (1.0.2)
    mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
    minitest (5.13.0)
    msgpack (1.3.1)
    nio4r (2.5.2)
    nokogiri (1.10.7)
      mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
    popper_js (1.14.5)
    public_suffix (4.0.1)
    puma (3.12.2)
    rack (2.0.7)
    rack-test (1.1.0)
      rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
    rails (5.2.4)
      actioncable (= 5.2.4)
      actionmailer (= 5.2.4)
      actionpack (= 5.2.4)
      actionview (= 5.2.4)
      activejob (= 5.2.4)
      activemodel (= 5.2.4)
      activerecord (= 5.2.4)
      activestorage (= 5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      bundler (>= 1.3.0)
      railties (= 5.2.4)
      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
    rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
      nokogiri (>= 1.6)
    rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
      loofah (~> 2.3)
    railties (5.2.4)
      actionpack (= 5.2.4)
      activesupport (= 5.2.4)
      method_source
      rake (>= 0.8.7)
      thor (>= 0.19.0, < 2.0)
    rake (13.0.1)
    rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
    rb-inotify (0.10.0)
      ffi (~> 1.0)
    regexp_parser (1.6.0)
    ruby_dep (1.5.0)
    rubyzip (2.0.0)
    sass (3.7.4)
      sass-listen (~> 4.0.0)
    sass-listen (4.0.0)
      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
    sass-rails (5.1.0)
      railties (>= 5.2.0)
      sass (~> 3.1)
      sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
      tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
    sassc (2.2.1)
      ffi (~> 1.9)
    sassc-rails (2.1.2)
      railties (>= 4.0.0)
      sassc (>= 2.0)
      sprockets (> 3.0)
      sprockets-rails
      tilt
    selenium-webdriver (3.142.6)
      childprocess (>= 0.5, < 4.0)
      rubyzip (>= 1.2.2)
    spring (2.1.0)
    spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
      listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
      spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
    sprockets (3.7.2)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
      rack (> 1, < 3)
    sprockets-rails (3.2.1)
      actionpack (>= 4.0)
      activesupport (>= 4.0)
      sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
    sqlite3 (1.4.1)
    thor (0.20.3)
    thread_safe (0.3.6)
    tilt (2.0.10)
    turbolinks (5.2.1)
      turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
    turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
    tzinfo (1.2.5)
      thread_safe (~> 0.1)
    uglifier (4.2.0)
      execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
    web-console (3.7.0)
      actionview (>= 5.0)
      activemodel (>= 5.0)
      bindex (>= 0.4.0)
      railties (>= 5.0)
    websocket-driver (0.7.1)
      websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
    websocket-extensions (0.1.4)
    xpath (3.2.0)
      nokogiri (~> 1.8)

PLATFORMS
  ruby

DEPENDENCIES
  bootsnap (>= 1.1.0)
  bootstrap (~> 4.4, >= 4.4.1)
  byebug
  capybara (>= 2.15)
  chromedriver-helper
  coffee-rails (~> 4.2)
  faker (~> 2.8, >= 2.8.1)
  font-awesome-rails (~> 4.7, >= 4.7.0.5)
  jbuilder (~> 2.5)
  jquery-rails
  kaminari (~> 1.1, >= 1.1.1)
  listen (>= 3.0.5, < 3.2)
  puma (~> 3.11)
  rails (~> 5.2.4)
  sass-rails (~> 5.0)
  selenium-webdriver
  spring
  spring-watcher-listen (~> 2.0.0)
  sqlite3
  turbolinks (~> 5)
  tzinfo-data
  uglifier (>= 1.3.0)
  web-console (>= 3.3.0)

RUBY VERSION
   ruby 2.6.0p0

BUNDLED WITH
   1.17.3

我很確定安裝了 imagemagick 是因為當我運行magick -version它會顯示應用程序的版本。 我真的在想如何解決這個問題。 知道如何解決這個問題嗎？

Answer 1

Bundler 無法解決依賴關系，因為 'mimemagic' gem 的版本是 rails 和 paperclip gem 之間的沖突。

正如您在日志中看到的那樣，rails v5 要求 mimemagic 在 v0.3.2 中，而 paperclip v4 要求 mimemagic 在 v0.3.0 中。

要解決這種情況，請采用以下兩種方法之一：

1. 將回形針升級到支持 mimemagic v0.3.2 的更高版本
2. 降級 rails 版本以支持 mimemagic v0.3.0

還明確地在 Gemfile 中指定了 mimemagic 版本為 ~> 0.3.1，它不滿足導軌或回形針。 只要不是有意用於任何其他目的，就可以相應地更改/刪除它。