我在解密使用 RSA 生成的公鑰（.jks）編碼的 128 位 AES 密鑰時收到 BadPaddingException

Question

package demo123;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

// RSA-AES 加密/解密的 Java 8 示例。

公共類 AESwithRSA {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String plainText = "{\"scope\":\"payments\",\"x-mig-bank\": \"ICICI\",\"x-mig-channel\": \"RC\",\"tpp_redirect_uri\": \"www.tpp-app.com?query=123\",\"x-tpp-client-id\": \"Ck234567890112\",\"tpp-app-name\": \"amazon\",\"Consent Id\": \"d25a6f26-3ad5-4dd8-96fd-2582abfa3f58\",\"Type\": \"Domestic Payment\" }";

// 使用 RSA 生成公鑰和私鑰

    Key privateKey = getPrivate("KeyPair/privateKey.jks");
    System.out.println("Private key success");
    System.out.println("Private key :" + privateKey);
    Key publicKey = getPublic("KeyPair/publicKey.");
    System.out.println("Public key success");
    System.out.println("Public key :" + publicKey);

// 首先創建一個AES Key

    String secretAESKeyString = getSecretAESKeyAsString();
    System.out.println("Secret Key "+secretAESKeyString);

// 使用 AES 密鑰加密我們的數據

    String encryptedText = encryptTextUsingAES(plainText, secretAESKeyString);
    System.out.println("Encrypted text "+encryptedText);

// 使用 RSA 私鑰加密 AES 密鑰

    byte[] encryptedAESKeyString = encryptAESKey(secretAESKeyString, publicKey);
    System.out.println("Encrypted AES key with RSA "+encryptedAESKeyString);

// 首先用RSA公鑰解密AES Key

    String decryptedAESKeyString = decryptAESKey(encryptedAESKeyString, privateKey);
    System.out.println("Decrypted AES key with RSA "+decryptedAESKeyString);

// 現在使用解密的 AES 密鑰解密數據！

    String decryptedText = decryptTextUsingAES(encryptedText, decryptedAESKeyString);

//顯示所有輸出

    System.out.println("input: " + encryptedText);
    System.out.println("AES Key: " + secretAESKeyString);
    System.out.println("decrypted: " + decryptedText);
    System.out.println("Text New:" + textNew);
    System.out.println("Encrypted New:" + encryptedTextNew);
    //System.out.println("Decrypted New:" + decryptedTextNew);

}

// 創建一個新的 AES 密鑰。 使用 128 位（弱）

public static String getSecretAESKeyAsString() throws Exception {
    KeyGenerator generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    generator.init(128); // The AES key size in number of bits
    SecretKey secKey = generator.generateKey();
    String encodedKey = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(secKey.getEncoded());
    return encodedKey;
}

// 使用 AES 密鑰加密文本

public static String encryptTextUsingAES(String plainText, String aesKeyString) throws Exception {
    byte[] decodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(aesKeyString);
    SecretKey originalKey = new SecretKeySpec(decodedKey, 0, decodedKey.length, "AES");

    // AES defaults to AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding in Java 7
    Cipher aesCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, originalKey);
    byte[] byteCipherText = aesCipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes());
    return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(byteCipherText);
}

// 使用 AES 密鑰解密文本

public static String decryptTextUsingAES(String encryptedText, String aesKeyString) throws Exception {

    byte[] decodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(aesKeyString);
    SecretKey originalKey = new SecretKeySpec(decodedKey, 0, decodedKey.length, "AES");

    // AES defaults to AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding in Java 7
    Cipher aesCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, originalKey);
    byte[] bytePlainText = aesCipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedText));
    return new String(bytePlainText);
}

// 使用 RSA 私鑰加密 AES 密鑰

private static byte[] encryptAESKey(String plainAESKey, Key publicKey ) throws Exception {
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
    return Base64.getEncoder().encode(cipher.doFinal(plainAESKey.getBytes()));
}

// 使用 RSA 公鑰解密 AES 密鑰

private static String decryptAESKey(byte[] encryptedAESKey, Key privateKey) throws Exception {
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
    return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedAESKey)));
}

//獲取公共和私有 .jks 格式密鑰

public static Key getPrivate(String filename) throws Exception {
        String password = "123456";
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(filename);
        KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        keystore.load(is, password.toCharArray());
        String alias = "rib_pub_priv_ob";
        Key key = keystore.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());        
        return key;
    }

    // https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/security/spec/X509EncodedKeySpec.html
    public static Key getPublic(String filename) throws Exception {
        String password = "123456";
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(filename);
        KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        keystore.load(is, password.toCharArray());
        String alias = "tmsx_pub_priv_ob";
        Key key = keystore.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());        
        return key;
    }

}

//以下是輸出

Private key success
Private key :sun.security.rsa.RSAPrivateCrtKeyImpl@ffd2dcac
Public key success
Public key :sun.security.rsa.RSAPrivateCrtKeyImpl@fff19d78
Secret Key XsZue3ATt4OAQFP5C4sa8Q==
Encrypted text mjynBmIDhsj9L3jhFmzb4CFaJr+i5k2B1luuTdg0ls3NoAvI3wLfeU54Sxo7IDBrqH3i3F3RNM4DDPhWdbtEMNQ+27EcQOugidB2BcTFigzIImNohZOVjBi+qrPC7KWGLf9JWlJHUsoUz+oKiuAJGjitrrIMg/qQN7He87hH6hxfNZ7vceZV2N6HihYsQ4R1S6YFRUDVBwuG+IjvEyzihkw4mmlmjq4FIspXmaYuxYE/6urevUD/dY7HSLVrVRst83VRKnqDrzf32RolGsM12Ebyk0XJGGOYHV/OWfYExkaQdfUaEVMhU3h/tTmSoVJHEHTf1YdMxv5x/HZd2aXoYw==
Encrypted AES key with RSA [B@5f150435
Exception in thread "main" javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Decryption error
    at sun.security.rsa.RSAPadding.unpadV15(RSAPadding.java:380)
    at sun.security.rsa.RSAPadding.unpad(RSAPadding.java:291)
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.doFinal(RSACipher.java:363)
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.engineDoFinal(RSACipher.java:389)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(Cipher.java:2165)
    at demo123.AESwithRSA.decryptAESKey(AESwithRSA.java:135)
    at demo123.AESwithRSA.main(AESwithRSA.java:60)

Answer 1

該錯誤是由加載引起getPublic私鑰，而不是公共密鑰。 這在輸出中很容易看出：對於兩個密鑰，都顯示了sun.security.rsa.RSAPrivateCrtKeyImpl類型的對象，而公鑰實際上應該是sun.security.rsa.RSAPublicKeyImpl類型。 要在getPublic加載公鑰，請替換該行

Key key = keystore.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());    

經過

Key key = keystore.getCertificate(alias).getPublicKey(); 

另見[1] [2] 。 通過此修復，代碼可以在我的機器上運行。

更新：在當前代碼中，Base64 編碼的 AES 密鑰（來自getSecretAESKey ）使用 RSA 加密，然后該密鑰再次進行 Base64 編碼（在encryptAESKey ）。 這種雙重 Base64 編碼實際上是不必要的，因為使用 RSA 加密原始AES 密鑰就足夠了，因為每個 Base64 編碼都有 33% 的開銷。