regex - Notepad++ 搜索並替換丟失的行

Question

我對正則表達式很陌生，我正在嘗試使用 Notepad++ 來清理一些 CSV 文件。 我正在運行版本 7.8.2（64 位），因為我的文件太大而無法打開 32 位版本。

在數據中，大部分字段都是標准化的，由系統自動生成。 每行正好有 30 個字段。 但是，用戶可以在一個字段中輸入注釋，並且在少數情況下，用戶在該字段中輸入了換行符。 發生這種情況時，Notepad++ 會為此數據創建一個新行。

例如，下面的第三行應該是第二行的延續（從原始帖子中的精簡示例中編輯） ：

"39901","0002286898","88","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 2016 PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 39901, IU journal  2297455 CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","191313.130","07/28/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002290128","7","ACTUALS","To record accrued liabilities for goods or services received at June 30, 2016 per the attached schedule.  
Contact [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL] or [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2556242.170","07/31/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291224","37","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34530, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","3010262.140","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291259","2","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34571, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","38140.260","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291336","12","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30  PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 345.20","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2768000.000","08/01/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities",""

我試圖刪除第二行中的額外換行符，以便數據看起來像：

"39901","0002286898","88","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 2016 PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 39901, IU journal  2297455 CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","191313.130","07/28/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002290128","7","ACTUALS","To record accrued liabilities for goods or services received at June 30, 2016 per the attached schedule.  Contact [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL] or [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2556242.170","07/31/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291224","37","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34530, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","3010262.140","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291259","2","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34571, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","38140.260","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291336","12","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30  PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 345.20","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2768000.000","08/01/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities",""

沒有回車，只有換行，所以搜索\\n也會標記所有應該合法結束該行的換行。

在這種情況下，數據的結構使最后一列始終為空白("") 。 因此，我嘗試搜索結尾不是空白的行——行以字母、數字、句點、空格等結尾。我的計划是用唯一的奇數詞替換這些實例，然后再做一秒鍾, 擴展搜索和替換以去除新表達式和換行符。

雖然笨拙，但我一直在按步驟進行操作：

• \\d{1}$查找最后一個字符是數字的行；
• \\w{1}$查找最后一個字符是字母的行；
• \\s{1}$查找最后一個字符是空格的行； 和
• \\.$查找以句點結尾的行。

然后，我將進行最后一次搜索以查找所有不以39901開頭的39901 。

我將這些搜索作為常規搜索運行，然后替換為REPLACEHERE999_ ，我假設其他人沒有輸入數據。 我知道這將刪除並替換行中的最后一個字符——最后一個數字、字母、空格等——但我可以接受。 完成這些替換后，我計划進行第二次擴展搜索，用空格替換REPLACEHERE999_\\n ，去掉REPLACEHERE999_和換行符。

當我進行第一次搜索時，他們會根據我最初在 Power Query 中遇到的錯誤數量進行合理數量的替換 - 例如，對於\\d{1}$為 377。 但是，一旦我進行了這些替換，行數就會顯着下降。 最初，我有 3,919,186 行，但在第一次搜索和替換之后 - \\d{1}$ - 我只有 1,543,818 行，不到我開始時的一半。 當我一次完成前幾個替換時，我不會丟失行，但是當我使用“全部替換”時，它們消失了。

同樣，我剛開始使用正則表達式/記事本++，所以我可能會遺漏一些基本的東西。 但是，如果我只進行有限數量的替換，為什么我的很多行都消失了？

歡迎對我的搜索或想法提出意見和建議，但消失的線條是這里的關鍵問題。

謝謝！

Answer 1

• Ctrl + H
• 找出什么： \\R(?!“)
• 替換為： LEAVE EMPTY
• 檢查環繞
• 檢查正則表達式
• 全部替換

解釋：

\R          # any kind of linebreak
(?!“)       # negative lookahead, make sure we haven't “ after

屏幕截圖（之前）：

屏幕截圖（之后）：

Answer 2

假設每行正好包含30列，並且每列可以包含除雙引號之外的任何字符：

打開擴展模式和正則表達式搜索和環繞，可以分兩步完成：

1. 刪除所有換行符。 [第1步]

2. 使用這個正則表達式， (("[^"]*",){29}("[^"]*")\\s?)
   並將其替換為“替換為：”字段中的$1\\n 。 [步驟 2] [結果]

解釋：

• 每個字段的格式為"[^"]*" 。在您的情況下，有 30 行，前 29 行后跟逗號。
• 在我正則表達式中，允許的字符是所有字符，但雙引號。
• 讓我們將[^"]為\\x 。然后每個字段的形式都是"\\x*"然后我們將正則表達式("\\x*",{29}"\\x*")重復幾次。我們添加一個新行對於該表格的每個部分。
• \\s? 可以處理每30個條目后的剩余空間。

注意：鏈接使用以前的、包容性較低的正則表達式。

Answer 3

黑客

存在其他黑客答案，它們都是可行的，僅取決於您想要/需要如何去做。 我正在根據行尾而不是下一行的開頭來解決黑客問題，因為其他答案地址（例如托托在他的回答中提出的\\R(?!") ）。

重置黑客： \\K

這個特殊的方法是基於當前行結尾的一個 hack。 此處的大多數其他 hack 都會考慮下一行。

請參閱此處使用的正則表達式

[^" ] *\K\R

或者，您可以使用([^" ] *)\\R替換為$1

這匹配所有具有任何非空格/非"字符后跟任意數量的空白字符的行，然后重置匹配（先前匹配的字符不再是最終匹配的一部分），然后匹配換行符。

跳過/失敗黑客： (*SKIP)(*FAIL)

與之前類似，僅使用控制動詞而不是重置標記。 速度優於復位方法。

請參閱此處使用的正則表達式

" *\R(*SKIP)(*FAIL)|\R

這匹配所有以"結尾的行（然后是任意數量的空格），然后跳過那些強制失敗的行。 \\R的交替匹配換行符組合，在這種情況下只會匹配第一個交替不匹配的地方。

確保您選擇了向后方向：

---

此處的其他答案涉及檢查下一行，它們都是很好的答案，因此我不會在答案中提供任何內容。

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平衡"

不幸的是，在正則表達式中匹配“平衡"很困難（並非不可能，只是不是最好的工具）。

請參閱此處使用的正則表達式

("((?<!\\)\\(?:\\{2})*"|[^"\n\r])*"|^[^"\r\n]*"),? *(*SKIP)(*FAIL)|"[^"\r\n]*\K\R+

此模式匹配"后跟任何非"字符或轉義的\\" ，然后是結束的" ; 或者它匹配除"或換行符之外的任何字符，然后是" 。 然后它可以選擇匹配,和/或任意數量的空格的組合。 然后我們跳過/失敗這些匹配，因為它們都是平衡的"或不平衡的末端" 。 然后我們匹配所有不平衡的" （其中"在一行打開，但不在同一行關閉），匹配到換行符，重置匹配並匹配換行符。 其結果是任何換行符，打破的平衡" 。

這個正則表達式模式是正確的，但不幸的是，這只適用於匹配或 Notepad++ 中的替換功能。 我不知道為什么，但全部替換替換了 2 個實例而不是 1 個。

使用替換按鈕（產生消息替換：1 次出現被替換。找到下一次出現）：

再次單擊替換后，沒有任何反應：

如前所述，全部替換替換太多：

我的建議？ 如果可以，請使用我上面描述的一種黑客模式或另一個答案中的一種。 它又快又臟，但有效。 如果您需要檢查平衡" ，請使用最后一個模式，只需知道您必須為每個匹配單擊替換。

PS 我無法確定替換與全部替換問題，但我使用的是 Notepad++ 7.8.1 版； 這可能是特定於版本的問題。

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Notepad++ 中上述每種模式的結果：

"39901","0002286898","88","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 2016 PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 39901, IU journal  2297455 CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","191313.130","07/28/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002290128","7","ACTUALS","To record accrued liabilities for goods or services received at June 30, 2016 per the attached schedule.  Contact [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL] or [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2556242.170","07/31/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291224","37","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34530, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER EMAIL]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","3010262.140","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291259","2","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30 PER THE ATTACHED SCHEDULE.  FOR 34571, CONTACT: [NAME PHONE NUMBER] / [NAME PHONE NUMBER]","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","38140.260","07/27/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities","" 
"39901","0002291336","12","ACTUALS","TO RECORD ACCRUED LIABILITIES FOR GOODS OR SERVICES RECEIVED AT JUNE 30  PER ATTACHED SCHEDULE. FOR 345.20","LA","34000000","Accrued Liabilities","","11000","","","","","","","","","","","","","2017","1","2768000.000","08/01/2016","07/01/2016","","Accrued Liabilities",""