Django TypeError：序列項0：預期的str實例，找到NoneType

Question

我嘗試使用 Django 通過 smtp 和 email.mime 發送電子郵件。 我決定不使用 django 電子郵件，因為我想自動將電子郵件發送到任何用戶的其他幾封電子郵件，因此用戶需要將他的電子郵件和密碼輸入他的 gmail，以便 smtp 可以使用他的帳戶向其他人發送電子郵件電子郵件

  Internal Server Error: /api/email/1/send/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 34, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 113, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
    return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 71, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 505, in dispatch
    response = self.handle_exception(exc)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 465, in handle_exception
    self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 476, in raise_uncaught_exception
    raise exc
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 502, in dispatch
    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/api/views.py", line 71, in post
    serializer.send(email_object_id=pk, validated_data=serializer.validated_data)
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/api/serializers.py", line 61, in send
    sender.send()
  File "/home/taycode/Desktop/emailsenderapi/api/utils.py", line 44, in send
    self.s.send_message(msg=self.msg)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/smtplib.py", line 936, in send_message
    from_addr = email.utils.getaddresses([from_addr])[0][1]
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/email/utils.py", line 112, in getaddresses
    all = COMMASPACE.join(fieldvalues)
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, NoneType found

這是我創建的發件人類

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from os.path import basename

class Sender:

    def __init__(self, email, password):
        host = "smtp.gmail.com"
        port = 587
        self.email = email
        self.s = smtplib.SMTP(host=host, port=port)
        self.s.starttls()
        self.s.login(email, password)
        self.msg = MIMEMultipart()

    def add_attachments(self, path):
        with open(path, "rb") as fil:
            part = MIMEApplication(
                fil.read(),
                Name=basename(path)
            )
        # After the file is closed
        part['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename(path)
        self.msg.attach(part)

    def add_body(self, body):
        self.msg.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain"))
        return self.msg

    def add_recipient(self, email):
        self.msg['To'] = email
        return self.msg

    def add_subject(self, subject):
        self.msg['subject'] = subject
        return self.msg

    def send(self):
        print(dict(self.msg))
        print(self.s)
        self.s.send_message(msg=self.msg)
        del self.msg
        self.s.quit()

這是我的 serializer.py

from sender.models import EmailObject
from .utils import Sender

class SendEmailSerializer(Serializer):
    email = serializers.EmailField()
    password = serializers.CharField()

    @staticmethod
    def send(validated_data, **kwargs):
        email_object = EmailObject.objects.get(pk=kwargs['email_object_id'])
        for recipient in email_object.recipient.all():
            sender = Sender(validated_data['email'], validated_data['password'])
            sender.add_recipient(str(recipient.email))
            sender.add_body(email_object.body)
            sender.add_subject(email_object.subject)
            for attachment in email_object.attachments.all():
                print(attachment.file.path)
                sender.add_attachments(attachment.file.path)
            sender.send()

這是我的views.py

class SendEmail(APIView):
    serializer_class = SendEmailSerializer

    @staticmethod
    def post(request, pk):
        serializer = SendEmailSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            print(serializer.validated_data)
            serializer.send(email_object_id=pk, validated_data=serializer.validated_data)
            data = {'status': 'success'}
            return Response(data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
        else:
            return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

每次我調用 views.py 中的 SendEmail 視圖時，它都會返回錯誤。 我怎樣才能解決這個問題？？

Answer 1

smtplib.SMTP().send_messages有 3 個參數，from、to 和 message。 在您的代碼中，您只向方法發送消息。 您需要將self.s.send_message(msg=self.msg)替換為：

self.s.send_message(self.email, self.msg['To'], self.msg.as_string())