在 MariaDB 中讀取/搜索 JSON 數據（數組中的多個對象：深度搜索 - 語法問題）

Question

我在 MariaDB 數據庫的表的一個字段中有這個 JSON 結構：

table column name: BcDJSON

{"placards":
     [
     {"barcode":"???","destination":"???","weight":"???"}, 
     {"barcode":"???","destination":"???","weight":"???"},
     {etc..}
    ]
}

我的 sql 查詢當前看起來像：

"SELECT * from table WHERE BcDJSON LIKE '%.$value.%'";

但這不會導致穩定的代碼。 我試過使用 JSON_EXTRACT，但在 MariaDB 中通過一個對象進入對象數組：我嘗試了一些變體 - 閱讀文檔並沒有回答我的問題。 JSON_EXTRACT 是我真正想在這里使用的嗎？ 我需要返回整行 - 該 JSON 結構中存在條形碼的位置。

我嘗試過的語法：（？？？=有效值）

SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards, $.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards.$.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards->$.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards$.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards', '$.barcode') = '???'
SELECT * from datawork WHERE JSON_EXTRACT('BcDJSON', '$.placards.barcode') = '???'

Answer 1

您應該使用JSON_SEARCH來查看是否可以在barcode值之一中找到該值：

SELECT * 
FROM datawork
WHERE JSON_SEARCH(BcDJSON, 'one', '???', NULL, '$.placards[*].barcode') IS NOT NULL

例如：

CREATE TABLE datawork (id int auto_increment primary key,
                       BcDJSON TEXT);
INSERT INTO datawork (BcDJSON) values 
('{"placards":
     [
     {"barcode":"123","destination":"a","weight":"1"}, 
     {"barcode":"456","destination":"b","weight":"2"}
    ]
}'),
('{"placards":
     [
     {"barcode":"789","destination":"a","weight":"1"}, 
     {"barcode":"123","destination":"b","weight":"2"}
    ]
}');
SELECT * 
FROM datawork 
WHERE JSON_SEARCH(BcDJSON, 'one', '123',  NULL,'$.placards[*].barcode') IS NOT NULL

輸出：

id  BcDJSON
1   {"placards": [ {"barcode":"123","destination":"a","weight":"1"}, {"barcode":"456","destination":"b","weight":"2"} ] }
2   {"placards": [ {"barcode":"789","destination":"a","weight":"1"}, {"barcode":"123","destination":"b","weight":"2"} ] }

dbfiddle 上的演示