將文件中的文本塊剝離到新文件中

Question

我需要幫助將文件中的文本塊拆分為單獨的文件。

例子：

ltm data-group internal /Common/www_web {
    records {
        /images { }
        /images/ { }
        /test/common/ { }
    }
    type string
}
ltm monitor http /Common/data {
    adaptive disabled
    defaults-from /Common/http
    destination *:*
    interval 1
    ip-dscp 0
    recv "\{\"status\":\"UP\""
    recv-disable "\{\"status\":\"DOWN\""
    send {}
    time-until-up 0
    timeout 4
}
ltm profile http /Common/stage {
    adaptive disabled
    defaults-from /Common/http
    destination *:*
    interval 5
    ip-dscp 0
    recv "\{\"status\":\"UP\""
    recv-disable "\{\"status\":\"DOWN\""
    send "GET /proxy/test HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: staging\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
    time-until-up 0
    timeout 16
}

我想去掉每個塊並將其寫入一個單獨的文件，例如：

ltm data-group internal /Common/www_web {
    records {
        /images { }
        /images/ { }
        /test/common/ { }
    }
    type string
}

到一個單獨的文件中。

ltm monitor http /Common/data {
    adaptive disabled
    defaults-from /Common/http
    destination *:*
    interval 1
    ip-dscp 0
    recv "\{\"status\":\"UP\""
    recv-disable "\{\"status\":\"DOWN\""
    send {}
    time-until-up 0
    timeout 4
}

和上面的塊變成一個單獨的塊等等。 到目前為止，我正在嘗試找到一個正則表達式來實現這一點，這是我的代碼：

#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import re
with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
    contents = f.read()

regex = ur"(^ltm[\s\S]+^ltm)"
matches = re.search(regex, contents, re.MULTILINE)

if matches:
    print ("{match}".format(start = matches.start(), end = matches.end(), match = matches.group()))

到目前為止，這個正則表達式捕獲了 'ltm' 文本中的所有內容。 任何幫助，將不勝感激。

我已經研究過使用 python 從文件中剝離一段文本，但對我來說它沒有多大幫助。

Answer 1

您可以使用re.split()進行簡單的列表理解：

blocks = ["ltm " + s for s in re.split("^ltm ", contents)[1:]]

您也可以將此正則表達式與re.finditer() （但效率會低得多） ：

blocks = [match.group(0) for match in re.finditer("^ltm ((?!^ltm ).)*", contents, re.DOTALL)]

或者這個與re.findall() ：

blocks = re.findall("(^ltm ((?!^ltm ).)*)", contents, re.DOTALL)

您也可以使用相同的實現沒有正則表達式str.find()克隆str.index()如果串也沒有發現不的情況下拋出異常）：

delimiter = "ltm "
blocks = []
index = contents.find(delimiter)
while index >= 0:
    new_index = contents.find(delimiter, index + 1)
    if not index or contents[index - 1] in {"\r", "\n"}:
        blocks.append(contents[index: new_index] if new_index > 0 else contents[index: ])
    index = new_index

Answer 2

我不知道您為每個文件命名什么，您可以更改它以適應您的需要，但這可能會有所幫助。 腳本逐行掃描以找到“itm”，如果找到，將創建一個新文件，名稱為下一個塊計數。

def save_file_name(val):
    """returns a file named after the block count"""
    return f'block_{val}.txt'

# opens and stores said file.
file = open('ltm.txt', 'r')

# starting count.
count = 0

# The file that will contain each block.
new_file = open(save_file_name(str(count)), 'w')

# As @Olvin Roght had pointed out, its better to read
# the file line by line in this fashion.
for line in file:
    # The part that scans for the wanted keyword.
    if line.startswith('ltm'):
        # If True will fire this set of code.
        # add one to count.
        count += 1
        # Close the now finished file.
        new_file.close()
        # create and store a new file.
        # Important to note to turn count into a string
        new_file = open(save_file_name(str(count)), 'w')
        # write the line to the file.
        new_file.write(line)
    else:
        # And If not the wanted keyword, just write
        # to the still open file
        new_file.write(line)

# Always remeber to close the files that you open.
new_file.close()
file.close()