使用 Java 9+ 模塊設置在 CLI 中運行 Groovy

Question

操作系統：Linux Mint 18.3 我要運行的組合是：Groovy 3.0.+（應用程序和測試代碼）& Java 11+ & JavaFX 11+

得到了一些幫助（請參閱此處的評論），我現在可以使用 gradle.build 文件（包括使用application插件中的 Gradle“installDist”任務輸出可執行文件）來執行此操作。

通過適當地配置類路徑和模塊路徑，我還設法從 IntelliJ 中的非 Gradle Groovy 項目中做到了這一點。

我的文件 javaFXTest.groovy 看起來像這樣（注意這是我讓 IntelliJ 運行的 Groovy 腳本）：

package core

import javafx.application.Application
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader
import javafx.scene.Parent
import javafx.scene.Scene
import javafx.stage.Stage

Application.launch(  GrApp, args)

class GrApp extends Application {

    @Override
    void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/dialog1.fxml"))       
        primaryStage.title = "Hello World"
        primaryStage.scene = new Scene(root, 1200, 800)
        primaryStage.show()
    }
}

我只是想知道，為了興趣，這實際上是如何根據 CLI groovy命令完成的。 我認為它可能是這樣的：

groovy -cp .:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/*  --module-path /home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml core/javaFXTest.groovy 

哎呀：

Caught: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/mike/IdeaProjects/JavaFXExp2/AppTest/src/main/groovy/--module-path (/home/mike/IdeaProjects/JavaFXExp2/AppTest/src/main/groovy/--module-path)

...它顯然沒有將--module-path識別為可配置選項，通過groovy --help確認。 我對此進行了搜索，但一無所獲。 然而 IntelliJ 設法運行這個腳本： --module-path和--add-modules選項作為 VM 選項添加到運行配置中。 任何人都知道如何將其作為 CLI 命令完成？

Answer 1

根據 cfrick 的建議，我找到了答案：Intellij 確實在“運行”視圖中顯示了整個命令（如果單擊“...”）：

事實證明這是一個巨大的 Java 命令，其中包含我無法理解的各種內容，例如包含許多 Groovy .jar。 我向任何感興趣的人展示它的壯麗之處：我已經分成幾行以更清楚地顯示選項。

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64/bin/java 
-Dgroovy.home=/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2 
-Dgroovy.starter.conf=/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/conf/groovy-starter.conf 
-javaagent:/home/mike/.local/share/JetBrains/Toolbox/apps/IDEA-C/ch-0/201.6073.9/lib/idea_rt.jar=41350:/home/mike/.local/share/JetBrains/Toolbox/apps/IDEA-C/ch-0/201.6073.9/bin 
-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 
-classpath /home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-3.0.2.jar org.codehaus.groovy.tools.GroovyStarter 
--conf /home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/conf/groovy-starter.conf 
--main groovy.ui.GroovyMain 
--classpath .:/home/mike/IdeaProjects/JavaFXExp2/out/production/AppTest:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-test-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-yaml-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-platform-launcher-1.6.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-jupiter-api-5.6.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-jupiter-engine-5.6.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-templates-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-groovysh-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jsp-api-2.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ant-1.10.7.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jackson-dataformat-yaml-2.10.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/javaparser-core-3.15.13.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-json-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ant-launcher-1.10.7.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-xml-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-testng-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-jmx-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/commons-logging-1.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-dateutil-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-4.13.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/xstream-1.4.11.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ivy-2.5.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-servlet-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/gpars-1.2.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jcommander-1.72.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jsr166y-1.7.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ant-antlr-1.10.7.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/multiverse-core-0.7.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-jsr223-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-sql-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-groovydoc-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/bsf-2.4.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/org.abego.treelayout.core-1.0.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jackson-core-2.10.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ST4-4.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-console-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jackson-annotations-2.10.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jansi-1.18.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-datetime-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-astbuilder-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-jaxb-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-ant-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-test-junit5-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-swing-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/qdox-1.12.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-cli-picocli-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/javax.servlet-api-3.0.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-cli-commons-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-macro-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-nio-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-platform-engine-1.6.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/junit-platform-commons-1.6.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/testng-6.14.3.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jackson-databind-2.10.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/ant-junit-1.10.7.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/opentest4j-1.2.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-bsf-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/commons-cli-1.4.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/snakeyaml-1.24.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/jline-2.14.6.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/groovy-docgenerator-3.0.2.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/src.zip:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx-swt.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.web.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.base.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.fxml.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.media.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.swing.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.controls.jar:/home/mike/.java/JavaFX/javafx-sdk-11.0.2/lib/javafx.graphics.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/extras-jaxb/jaxb-api-2.3.0.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/extras-jaxb/activation-1.1.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/extras-jaxb/jaxb-core-2.3.0.1.jar:/home/mike/.sdkman/candidates/groovy/3.0.2/lib/extras-jaxb/jaxb-impl-2.3.0.1.jar 

--encoding=UTF-8 
/home/mike/IdeaProjects/JavaFXExp2/AppTest/src/main/groovy/core/javaFXTest.groovy

我猜測第一個-classpath選項（帶有單破折號）大概是為“javaagent”設置的……或者它可以是“Groovy starter”……？

這至少解決了難題：我知道 Groovy（甚至 Groovy 3）無法處理 Java 9+ 模塊。 所以這必須是一個 Java 命令是有道理的。 也許在 Groovy 4 中使用groovy運行將成為可能，據我所知，它將（希望）能夠處理這些模塊。