Python：替換多個正則表達式

Question

在以下輸入中，我試圖分別用''和' '替換數字和\\n 。

THE SONNETS\n\n                    1\n\nFrom fairest creatures we desire increase,\nThat thereby beauty’s rose might never die,\nBut as the riper should by time decease,\nHis

she hies,             1189\nAnd yokes her silver doves; by whose swift aid\nTheir mistress mounted through the empty skies,\nIn her light chariot quickly is convey’d;           1192\n  Holding their course to Paphos, where their queen\n  Means to immure herself and not be seen.\n'

input_var是從具有上述內容的文件中讀取的。

file_name = 'sample.txt'
file = open(folder+file_name, mode='r', encoding='utf8')
input_var = file.read()
file.close

附上文件截圖。

文件中的數據是

THE SONNETS

                    1

From fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty’s rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decease,
His

she hies,             1189
And yokes her silver doves; by whose swift aid
Their mistress mounted through the empty skies,
In her light chariot quickly is convey’d;           1192
  Holding their course to Paphos, where their queen
  Means to immure herself and not be seen.

為了識別數字，我使用了正則表達式[\\s]{3,}\\d{1,}\\\\n （數字前必須至少有 3 個空格。（請參閱此鏈接以測試正則表達式）。

我正在使用以下代碼來替換正則表達式和\\n我從 stackoverflow 中的一些答案中得到的兩者。

代碼 1 -

# Remove the numbers in sonnets and at the end of lines
pattern = {r'[\s]{3,}\d{1,}\\n' : '',
           r'\\n' : ' '
          }

regex = re.compile('|'.join(map(re.escape, pattern.keys(  ))))
output_var = regex.sub(lambda match: pattern[match.group(0)], input_var)

代碼 2 -

rep = dict((re.escape(k), v) for k, v in pattern.items())
pattern_test = re.compile("|".join(rep.keys()))
output_var = pattern_test.sub(lambda m: rep[re.escape(m.group(0))], input_var)

代碼 3 -

for i, j in pattern.items():
        output_var = input_var.replace(i, j)

其中input_var具有上述文本。 這三個都不能代替任何東西。

我也試過

pattern = {r'[\s]{3,}\d{1,}\n' : '',
           r'\n' : ' '
          }

但它不能取代任何東西。

pattern = {'[\s]{3,}\d{1,}\n' : '',
           '\n' : ' '
          }

只替換\\n並且輸出就像

THE SONNETS                      1  From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty’s rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His

正則表達式未在字典中標識，我認為它被視為文字字符串而不是正則表達式。 如何在字典中指定正則表達式？ 我在 stackoverflow 中找到的答案使用字符串而不是正則表達式，就像為此問題提供的答案一樣。

預期的結果是

THE SONNETS                       From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty’s rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His

    she hies,And yokes her silver doves; by whose swift aid  Their mistress mounted through the empty skies, In her light chariot quickly is convey’d;  Holding their course to Paphos, where their queen   Means to immure herself and not be seen. ' 

Answer 1

這是您可以運行的一些工作示例（如果您有 bs4 等）。 我看到您在編號和正則表達式方面獲得幫助，但這可能有助於理解行返回等（不確定目標是什么）。 無法在網絡上找到與您的來源具有相似編號的來源，因此不幸的是，它不是同類的。 如果沒有別的，也許值得深思。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import requests


url = 'http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1041/pg1041.txt'

page = requests.get(url)
# print(page.status_code)
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.text)

sonnet = page.text

print(sonnet[780:1500])
print()
print('------')
print()
sonnet = re.sub('\r','',sonnet)
sonnet = re.sub('\n','',sonnet)
print(sonnet[698:1500])

url2 = 'http://shakespeare.mit.edu/Poetry/VenusAndAdonis.html'

page = requests.get(url2)
# print(page.status_code)
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.text)
print()
print('------')
print('------')
print()
VenusAndAdonis = soup.text
print(type(VenusAndAdonis))
print(VenusAndAdonis[800:1500])
print()
print('------')
print()
VenusAndAdonis = re.sub('\r','',VenusAndAdonis)
VenusAndAdonis = re.sub('\n',' ',VenusAndAdonis)
print(VenusAndAdonis[800:1500])

輸出：

I

  From fairest creatures we desire increase,
  That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
  But as the riper should by time decease,
  His tender heir might bear his memory:
  But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
  Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,
  Making a famine where abundance lies,
  Thy self thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel:
  Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament,
  And only herald to the gaudy spring,
  Within thine own bud buriest thy content,
  And tender churl mak'st waste in niggarding:
    Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
    To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.

  II

  When forty winters shall besiege thy brow,

------

I  From fairest creatures we desire increase,  That thereby beauty's rose might never die,  But as the riper should by time decease,  His tender heir might bear his memory:  But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,  Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,  Making a famine where abundance lies,  Thy self thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel:  Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament,  And only herald to the gaudy spring,  Within thine own bud buriest thy content,  And tender churl mak'st waste in niggarding:    Pity the world, or else this glutton be,    To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.  II  When forty winters shall besiege thy brow,  And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field,  Thy youth's proud livery so gazed on now,  Will be a tatter'd weed of small 

------
------

<class 'str'>
 honour to your heart's content; which I
wish may always answer your own wish and the world's hopeful
expectation.
Your honour's in all duty,
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.

EVEN as the sun with purple-colour'd face
Had ta'en his last leave of the weeping morn,
Rose-cheek'd Adonis hied him to the chase;
Hunting he loved, but love he laugh'd to scorn;
Sick-thoughted Venus makes amain unto him,
And like a bold-faced suitor 'gins to woo him.


'Thrice-fairer than myself,' thus she began,
'The field's chief flower, sweet above compare,
Stain to all nymphs, more lovely than a man,
More white and red than doves or roses are;
Nature that made thee, with herself at strife,
Saith that the world hath ending wit

------

 honour to your heart's content; which I wish may always answer your own wish and the world's hopeful expectation. Your honour's in all duty, WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.  EVEN as the sun with purple-colour'd face Had ta'en his last leave of the weeping morn, Rose-cheek'd Adonis hied him to the chase; Hunting he loved, but love he laugh'd to scorn; Sick-thoughted Venus makes amain unto him, And like a bold-faced suitor 'gins to woo him.   'Thrice-fairer than myself,' thus she began, 'The field's chief flower, sweet above compare, Stain to all nymphs, more lovely than a man, More white and red than doves or roses are; Nature that made thee, with herself at strife, Saith that the world hath ending wit

Answer 2

您需要在循環中運行re.sub s，但請確保output_var已初始化為input_var值：

output_var = input_var
for reg, repl in pattern.items():
  output_var = re.sub(reg, repl, output_var)

在線查看Python 演示：

import re

input_var = """THE SONNETS

                    1

From fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty’s rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decease,
His

she hies,             1189
And yokes her silver doves; by whose swift aid
Their mistress mounted through the empty skies,
In her light chariot quickly is convey’d;           1192
  Holding their course to Paphos, where their queen
  Means to immure herself and not be seen."""

pattern = {r'\s{3,}\d+\n' : '',
           r'\n' : ' '}
output_var = input_var
for reg, repl in pattern.items():
  output_var = re.sub(reg, repl, output_var)

print(output_var)

輸出：

THE SONNETS From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty’s rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His  she hies,And yokes her silver doves; by whose swift aid Their mistress mounted through the empty skies, In her light chariot quickly is convey’d;  Holding their course to Paphos, where their queen   Means to immure herself and not be seen.