如何在從服務引發異常的 rest controller 中模擬異常

Question

我正在為 Spring 啟動中的 rest Controller 編寫測試用例。

為了提供有關該問題的一些背景信息，我無法模擬在 controller 層的服務中引發的異常。

我正在使用 PowerMokito 編寫測試用例。

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(UserApiController.class)
public class UserApiControllerTest {


   /* private MockMvc mockMvc;*/
    @Mock
    GenericService genericService;

    @Mock
    UserService userService;

    @Mock
    UserRoleService userRoleService;

    @Mock
    MessageService messageService;

    @Mock
    CurrentUserService currentUserService;

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Mock
    UserRoleRepository userRoleRepository;

    @InjectMocks
    UserApiController userApiController;


    @Before
    public void setup() {
        // this must be called for the @Mock annotations above to be processed
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        //Set up mocking for repository methods
    }

    @Test(expected = DuplicateUserEmailException.class)
    public void saveUserByEmailFailure() throws Exception {
        HashMap mockUser = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        mockUser.put("email","test_dy1@gmail.com");
        String user = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(mockUser);
        doThrow(new DuplicateUserEmailException()).
                when(userService).saveUserByEmailId(any());

        userApiController.saveUserByEmailId(user);
    }

請在下面找到 controller 的詳細信息。

    @RequestMapping(value = "/save_user_by_email", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String saveUserByEmailId(@RequestParam("user") String user) throws Exception {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        HashMap<String, Object> userJson = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        userJson = mapper.readValue(user, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>(){});
        JsonObjectBuilder responseBuilder = Json.createObjectBuilder();
        try {
            userService.saveUserByEmailId(userJson);
            responseBuilder.add("success", true).add("code", genericService.getSuccessCode()).add("message",
                    userJson.containsKey("id") ? messageService.getMessage("message.success.update")
                            : messageService.getMessage("message.success.create"));
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            LOGGER.error(exception.getMessage(), exception);
            if(exception instanceof DuplicateUserEmailException)
                throw new DuplicateUserEmailException();
        }

        return responseBuilder.build().toString();
    }

Answer 1

最后，我解決了。 如果您有疑問，請找到下面的代碼並發表評論。

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(UserApiController.class)
public class UserApiControllerTest {


    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    @Mock
    GenericService genericService;

    @Mock
    UserService userService;

    @Mock
    UserRoleService userRoleService;

    @Mock
    MessageService messageService;

    @Mock
    CurrentUserService currentUserService;

    @InjectMocks
    ApiExceptionHandlerAdvice apiExceptionHandlerAdvice;

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Mock
    UserRoleRepository userRoleRepository;

    @InjectMocks
    UserApiController userApiController;


    @Before
    public void setup(){

      //  MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userApiController).setControllerAdvice(apiExceptionHandlerAdvice).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddDuplicateCustomer() throws Exception {

        HashMap mockUser = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        mockUser.put("email","test_dy1@gmail.com");
        String user = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(mockUser);
        when(userService.saveUserByEmailId(any())).thenThrow(DuplicateUserEmailException.class);
        when(messageService.getMessage(any())).thenReturn("200");
        RequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/api/save_user_by_email").param("user",user);
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder).andReturn();
        MockHttpServletResponse response = result.getResponse();
        assertEquals(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(), response.getStatus());
        // assertEquals(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(), response.getStatus());
    }

Answer 2

試試這樣：

PowerMockito.doThrow(new DuplicateUserEmailException()).
                when(userService).saveUserByEmailId(any(String.class));

確保saveUserByEmailId方法是 void 返回類型

Answer 3

可能您沒有將該模擬實例傳遞給 userApiController 真實實例。 這是模擬服務的一個非常常見的錯誤。 您是為此使用@InjectMocks ，還是手動構建 userApiController 實例？ 您能否告訴我們您在上面的測試 class 中使用的注釋？

老實說，我建議只使用 Mockito ，因為使用 PowerMock 你可以模擬很多瘋狂的東西，而且它可以進行字節碼操作

使用 Mockito 這將如下所示：

doThrow(newRuntimeException()).when(paymentService).completePayment(any(), any(), any());

如果你想模擬網絡調用，請使用 WireMock，我們已經使用了很長時間，它為我們的測試包增加了很多價值。