如何在同一張圖表上疊加多個圖 tkinter

Question

我是 tkinter 和 python 的新手，並嘗試編寫一個簡單的程序，讓我在同一個 plot 上疊加折線圖。 我編寫的代碼（一些取自“matplotlib”站點）不斷將所有圖表放在彼此下方。 有沒有更簡單的方法來做到這一點。 我似乎無法在“for”循環之外使用 canvas 或小部件而不會弄亂一些東西，我的代碼和測試“csv”文件在下面。關於我需要更改的內容有什么幫助或指導嗎？

from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter
from tkinter import *
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (
    FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk)
# Implement the default Matplotlib key bindings.
from matplotlib.backend_bases import key_press_handler
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

import numpy as np


root = tkinter.Tk()
root.wm_title("Embedding in Tk")
current_list = ['Blue', 'Green', 'Yellow']
for item in current_list:
    x, y = np.loadtxt(item + '_' + 'Test.csv', skiprows=1, usecols=[2, 3],
                      unpack=True, delimiter=',')

    fig = Figure(figsize=(2, 3), dpi=100)
    fig.add_subplot(111).plot(x, y)

    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)  # A tk.DrawingArea.
    canvas.draw()
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tkinter.TOP, fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=1)

    toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(canvas, root)
    toolbar.update()
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tkinter.TOP, fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=1)


def on_key_press(event):
    print("you pressed {}".format(event.key))
    key_press_handler(event, canvas, toolbar)

    canvas.mpl_connect("key_press_event", on_key_press)


def _quit():
    root.quit()     # stops mainloop
    root.destroy()  # this is necessary on Windows to prevent
                    # Fatal Python Error: PyEval_RestoreThread: NULL tstate


button = tkinter.Button(master=root, text="Quit", command=_quit)
button.pack(side=tkinter.BOTTOM)

tkinter.mainloop()
# If you put root.destroy() here, it will cause an error if the window is
# closed with the window manager.

csv 測試文件 - Blue_Test.csv

Name1,Name2,Name3,Name4,Name5,Name6,Name7,Name8
1,100,19,100,Blue,2000,1.00E-19,1.00E-09
2,110,20,101,Blue,3000,5.00E-19,1.00E+00
3,120,21,102,Blue,4000,9.00E-19,2.00E+00
4,150,24,105,Blue,7000,2.10E-18,5.00E+00
5,160,25,106,Blue,8000,2.50E-18,6.00E+00
## csv test files - Green_Test.csv
Name1,Name2,Name3,Name4,Name5,Name6,Name7,Name8
1,100,19,2000,Green,2000,1.00E-19,1.00E-09
2,110,20,3001,Green,3000,5.00E-19,1.00E+00
3,120,21,4002,Green,4000,9.00E-19,2.00E+00
4,150,24,5005,Green,7000,2.10E-18,5.00E+00
5,160,25,6006,Green,8000,2.50E-18,6.00E+00
## csv test files - Yellow_Test.csv
Name1,Name2,Name3,Name4,Name5,Name6,Name7,Name8
1,100,19,11000,Yellow,2000,1.00E-19,1.00E-09
2,110,20,12001,Yellow,3000,5.00E-19,1.00E+00
3,120,21,13002,Yellow,4000,9.00E-19,2.00E+00
4,150,24,14005,Yellow,7000,2.10E-18,5.00E+00
5,160,25,15006,Yellow,8000,2.50000,5.000000

Answer 1

問題在於for item in current_list: ，在循環的每次迭代中，代碼都會創建一個新的子圖並將其繪制在 canvas 上。 相反，您應該在其上創建一個子圖和 plot 每個數據集。 然后，一旦循環完成，在 canvas 上繪制填充的子圖。 https://pydatascience.org/2017/11/24/plot-multiple-lines-in-one-chart-with-different-style-python-matplotlib/

import tkinter

import numpy as np
# Implement the default Matplotlib key bindings.
from matplotlib.backend_bases import key_press_handler
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (
    FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk)
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

root = tkinter.Tk()
root.wm_title("Embedding in Tk")
current_list = ['Blue', 'Green', 'Yellow']

fig = Figure(figsize=(2, 3), dpi=100)
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

for item in current_list:
    x, y = np.loadtxt(item + '_' + 'Test.csv', skiprows=1, usecols=[2, 3],
                      unpack=True, delimiter=',')
    ax.plot(x, y, label=item)

fig.legend()

canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)  # A tk.DrawingArea.
canvas.draw()
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tkinter.TOP, fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=1)

toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(canvas, root)
toolbar.update()
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tkinter.TOP, fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=1)


def on_key_press(event):
    print("you pressed {}".format(event.key))
    key_press_handler(event, canvas, toolbar)

    canvas.mpl_connect("key_press_event", on_key_press)


def _quit():
    root.quit()  # stops mainloop
    root.destroy()  # this is necessary on Windows to prevent
    # Fatal Python Error: PyEval_RestoreThread: NULL tstate


button = tkinter.Button(master=root, text="Quit", command=_quit)
button.pack(side=tkinter.BOTTOM)

tkinter.mainloop()
# If you put root.destroy() here, it will cause an error if the window is
# closed with the window manager.