git pre-push hook：在每個新提交上運行測試

Question

語境

我想確保我推送的每個提交都通過測試。

我想在我的（客戶端）端檢查這一點，即在提交之前甚至推送（所以我不想依賴 CI 工具）。

問題

目前，我已經實現了一個pre-commit掛鈎來運行我的測試，因此我什至無法提交損壞的 state。

但是，我的測試套件需要幾秒鍾才能運行。 在編寫提交消息之前，我需要等待很多時間。 這使得日常使用變得不切實際； 既是因為我經常提交，而且我有時故意要提交一個損壞的 state 以便稍后壓扁（我知道git commit --no-verify ，但這不是重點）。

問題

因此，我不想一次檢查每個提交（在創建時），而是想在推送之前對它們進行批量測試。

如何實現一個pre-push鈎子，為每個要推送的新提交運行我的測試套件？

（為簡單起見，假設通過測試意味着test/run_tests.sh返回0 。）

Answer 1

感謝phd的提示（ 在評論中）和對 git 自己示例的無恥掠奪，我起草了以下./.git/hooks/pre-push鈎子（我事先注意了chmod +x ）。

它似乎在普通情況下完成了這項工作，我們將看到它隨着時間的推移會如何發展。 無論如何，歡迎改進！

#!/usr/bin/sh

# An example hook script to verify that each commit that is about to be pushed
# pass the `./run_tests` suite. Called by "git push" after it has checked the
# remote status, but before anything has been pushed.
# If the test suite (and so the script) exits with a non-zero status, nothing
# will be pushed.
#
# In any case, we revert to the pre `$ git push` state.


# Retrieve arguments
remote="$1"
url="$2"

z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # SHA of a non existing commit


# Save current "git state"
current_branch=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)

STASH_NAME="pre-push-$(date +%s)"
git stash save -q --keep-index $STASH_NAME


# Do wonders
while read local_ref local_sha remote_ref remote_sha
do
        if [ "$local_sha" = $z40 ]
        then
                # Handle delete
                continue # to the next branch
        elif [ "$remote_sha" = $z40 ]
        then
                # New branch, examine all commits
                range="$local_sha"
        else
                # Update to existing branch, examine new commits
                range="$remote_sha..$local_sha"
        fi

        # Retrieve list of commit in "chronological" order
        commits=$(git rev-list --reverse $range)

        # Loop over each commit
        for commit in $commits
        do
            git checkout $commit

            # Run the tests
            ./test/run_tests.sh

            # Retrieve exit code
            is_test_passed=$?

            # Stop iterating if error
            if [ $is_test_passed -ne 0 ]
            then
                echo -e "Aborting push: Test failed for commit $commit,"\
                  "with following error trace:\n"
                # something like: tail test/run_tests.log
                break 2
            fi
        done
done


# Revert to pre-push state
git checkout $current_branch

STASH_NUM=$(git stash list | grep $STASH_NAME | sed -re 's/stash@\{(.*)\}.*/\1/')
if [ -n "$STASH_NUM" ]
then
    git stash pop -q stash@{$STASH_NUM}
fi
#removed fi

# Return exit code
exit $is_test_passed

Answer 2

從 ebosi 的回答中，我添加了一些您可能感興趣的修改：

1. 每次我迭代提交循環時，我都會重新編譯測試二進制文件（正確提交的正確測試版本）。 This is done in the shell function "recompile_test" (note: you might want to double check that the variable "is_test_passed" defined in the scope of this function is still valid in the scope of the whole script itself)
2. 如果測試成功，我會顯示一個不錯的“OK 消息”，以及提交消息的提醒： echo "`git log -1 --oneline $commit`\n"
3. 如果測試失敗，我不會中斷並退出，我會顯示一個不錯的“KO 消息”。 加上提交信息的提醒。 並像 ebosi 在他的回答中所做的那樣對測試的痕跡進行總結。
4. 這條路在最后。 如果最后一次提交通過了測試，我仍然可以推送。
5. 完成調試后，我還在這里和那里添加了幾個“> /dev/null”
6. 還必須修改 sed 指令，使其適用於 mac os x（catalina 版本 10.15.7，sed 是內置的）

# An example hook script to verify that each commit that is about to be pushed
# pass the `./run_tests` suite. Called by "git push" after it has checked the
# remote status, but before anything has been pushed.
# If the test suite (and so the script) exits with a non-zero status, nothing
# will be pushed.
#
# In any case, we revert to the pre `$ git push` state.


# Retrieve arguments
remote="$1"
url="$2"

z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # SHA of a non existing commit


# Save current "git state"
current_branch=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)

STASH_NAME="pre-push-$(date +%s)"
git stash save -q --keep-index $STASH_NAME

recompile_test()
{
   echo "\n\033[32mRecompiling tests suite...\033[0m"
   make test 2>&1 > /dev/null
   # Retrieve exit code
   is_test_passed=$?

   if [ $is_test_passed -ne 0 ]
   then
       echo "\033[31m[\033[mKO\033[31m] Aborting push: Tests failed for commit $commit\n"\
           "\t\033[31mCOULD NOT COMPILE TEST SUITE\n\033[0m"
       break
   fi
}

# Do wonders
while read local_ref local_sha remote_ref remote_sha
do
       if [ "$local_sha" = $z40 ]
       then
               # Handle delete
               continue # to the next branch
       elif [ "$remote_sha" = $z40 ]
       then
               # New branch, examine all commits
               range="$local_sha"
       else
               # Update to existing branch, examine new commits
               range="$remote_sha..$local_sha"
       fi

       # Retrieve list of commit in "chronological" order
       commits=$(git rev-list --reverse $range)

       # Loop over each commit
       for commit in $commits
       do
           git checkout $commit > /dev/null 2>&1

           recompile_test;

           echo "\n\033[32mRunning tests...\033[0m"
           # Run the tests
           ./tester 2>&1 > ./tests_logs/last_test_output.log

           # Retrieve exit code
           is_test_passed=$?

           # Stop iterating if error
           if [ $is_test_passed -ne 0 ]
           then
               echo "\033[31m[\033[mKO\033[31m]\033[0m Aborting push: \033[31mTests failed for commit $commit\n\033[0m"
               echo "commit brief:"
               echo "\033[38;5;160m`git log -1 --oneline $commit`\033[0m\n"
               echo "\t\033[31mERROR TRACE:\n\033[38;5;132m"
               cat ./tests_logs/last_test_output.log
               echo "\033[0m"
           else
               echo "\033[32m[\033[0mOK\033[32m] \033[0mTrying to push: \033[32mTests Passed for commit $commit\n\033[0m"
               echo "commit brief:"
               echo "`git log -1 --oneline $commit`\n"
           fi
       done
done

#added so it doesnt prevent us to checkout... we rm if the file exists
[ -f tests_logs/output.xml ] && rm tests_logs/output.xml
# Revert to pre-push state
git checkout $current_branch 2>&1 > /dev/null

STASH_NUM=$(git stash list | grep $STASH_NAME | sed -e 's/stash@{\(.*\)}.*/\1/')
if [ -n "$STASH_NUM" ]
then
   git stash pop -q stash@{$STASH_NUM}
fi

if [ $is_test_passed -ne 0 ]
then
   echo "\033[31m[\033[0mKO\033[31m] \033[0mPUSH ABORTED (failed on last commit)\n"
else
   echo "\033[32m[\033[0mOK\033[32m] \033[0mPUSH POSSIBLE (final commit successful)\n"
fi
# Return exit code
exit $is_test_passed```