Azure BLOB PUT Rest api - 無法使用 ZA7F5F353426B9238217316 進行身份驗證

Question

I'm trying to create a Blob in an Azure Container by using Python and the Azure Blob Rest API. 這是一個有趣的練習，因為這是我第一次與 Azure Rest API 交互。 我已經閱讀了有關它的 MS 文檔，還閱讀了該站點中的許多問題，根據它們，我的代碼似乎是正確的，但是我還不能成功 PUT。 我能夠執行 GET 請求（列出容器/blob）。

按照代碼：

import requests
import datetime
import hmac
import hashlib
import base64

storage_account_name = '<mystorageaccount>'
storage_account_key = '<mystoragekey>'
container_name='test'
api_version = '2015-02-21'
request_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version,
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

string_to_sign = (string_params['verb'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Content-Encoding'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-Language'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-Length'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-MD5'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Content-Type'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Date'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['If-Modified-Since'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-Match'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-None-Match'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-Unmodified-Since'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Range'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['CanonicalizedHeaders']
                  + string_params['CanonicalizedResource'])

signed_string = base64.b64encode(hmac.new(base64.b64decode(storage_account_key), msg=string_to_sign.encode('utf-8'), digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()).decode()

headers = {
    'x-ms-version' : api_version,
    'x-ms-date' : request_time,
    'x-ms-blob-type': 'BlockBlob',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-Type': "text/plain; charset=UTF-8",
    'Authorization' : ('SharedKey ' + storage_account_name + ':' + signed_string)
}

url = ('https://' + storage_account_name + '.blob.core.windows.net/'+container_name+'/fname')

r = requests.put(url, headers = headers,data='hello world')
print(r.status_code)
print('\n\n'+r.text)

這就是我得到的返回錯誤消息，不管怎樣：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Error><Code>AuthenticationFailed</Code><Message>Server failed to authenticate the request. Make sure the value of Authorization header is formed correctly including the signature.
RequestId:cbf12c65-c01e-00fc-1069-3a41a7000000
Time:2020-06-04T12:11:03.4295368Z</Message><AuthenticationErrorDetail>The MAC signature found in the HTTP request 'c9n6EKq9p6skUs17qGv/bW0yGRGjMzMrP7bgDwjRABg=' is not the same as any computed signature. Server used following string to sign: 'PUT


11

text/plain; charset=UTF-8






x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob
x-ms-date:Thu, 04 Jun 2020 12:11:02 GMT
x-ms-version:2015-02-21
/<mystorageaccount>/test/fname'.</AuthenticationErrorDetail></Error>

有人可以幫助我了解我在這里缺少什么嗎？

Answer 1

您需要包含text/plain; charset=UTF-8 text/plain; charset=UTF-8用於Content-Type和11用於string_params中的Content-Length 。 因此，您修改后的代碼（ string_params變量）將類似於：

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version,
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

您的代碼的 Rest 看起來不錯。

更新

您在CanonicalizedHeaders末尾缺少一個換行符。 所以你的string_params會像：

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version + '\n',
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

Answer 2

這是一個更簡單的代碼版本，具有更多的代碼重用：

def generate_key(verb, headers, content_type, storage_account_key, canonicalized_resource):
    string_to_sign = (verb + '\n'
                      + '\n' # Content-MD5
                      + content_type+ '\n'
                      + '\n' #Date
                      + "\n".join([k + ":" + v for k,v in headers.items()]) + '\n'
                      + canonicalized_resource)

    return base64.b64encode(
        hmac.new(base64.b64decode(storage_account_key), msg=string_to_sign.encode('utf-8'),
                 digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()).decode()

def request_with_headers(verb, storage_account_name, storage_account_key, container_name, blob_name, data = None):
    api_version = '2018-11-09'
    request_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
    headers = {"x-ms-blob-type": "BlockBlob", "x-ms-date": request_time, "x-ms-version": api_version}
    canonicalized_resource = '/' + storage_account_name + '/' + container_name + '/' + blob_name
    content_type = "text/plain; charset=UTF-8"
    sas_token = generate_key(verb, headers, content_type, storage_account_key, canonicalized_resource)

    headers = dict(headers, **{"Content-Type": content_type, "Authorization": "SharedKeyLite %s:%s" % (storage_account_name, sas_token)})
    url = "https://%s.blob.core.windows.net/%s/%s" % (storage_account_name, container_name, blob_name)
    return requests.request(verb, url, headers=headers, data = data)