sed / awk 復線替換

Question

我想像這樣替換數千行，但我很難讓它工作，而且我有 2 個變量 $time 和 $date 條件，不能使它成為全局的。：

示例： <:-- 2020-07-06 16:45.00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>

替換： <:-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>

我試過 sed：

sed -i '<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST \/ 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00<\/v><\/row>.*/<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST \/ 1594050300 --> <row><v>NaN<\/v><\/row>/' dump_teste.xml

sed：-e 表達式 #1，字符 1：未知命令：`<'

還有 awk：

awk '{gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1' tmp.txt
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                     ^ syntax error
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                               ^ syntax error
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                         ^ syntax error
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                      ^ syntax error
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                                ^ unterminated string
    awk: cmd. line:1: {gsub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
    awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                                ^ syntax error

或者

awk '{sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1' tmp.txt
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                    ^ syntax error
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                              ^ syntax error
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                        ^ syntax error
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                     ^ syntax error
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                               ^ unterminated string
awk: cmd. line:1: {sub(/<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>1.9933333333e+00</v></row>/,"<!-- 2020-07-08 12:00:00 WEST / 1594206000 --> <row><v>NaN</v></row>")}1
awk: cmd. line:1:                                                                                                                                                               ^ syntax error

Answer 1

您正在嘗試的命令沒有 s 選項，這就是它給出錯誤的原因。

sed -i 's/<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST \/ 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00<\/v><\/row>.*/<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST \/ 1594050300 --> <row><v>NaN<\/v><\/row>/g' dumpteste.xml

或者

sed -i 's/<v>.*<\/v>/<v>NAN<\/v>/g' dumpteste.xml

您有兩個變量 $date 和 $time 並希望匹配具有這些變量的行，然后應用 sed。 執行以下操作：

sed "/"$date" "$time" .*<\/row>/ s/<v>.*<\/v>/<v>NAN<\/v>/g" dumpteste.xml

在上面的命令中，如果行是

<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>```
And date and time variable are
date='2020-07-06' time='16:45:00' 
then only line containg that date and time will be edited by sed.


Did it solved your problem?

Answer 2

根據您的需要，下面是一個用 NAN 替換文件中的數字的命令，考慮到所有在時間范圍內的行，無論行出現的順序如何。

set date from and till variables and then below command

while IFS= read -r in; do out="$(echo "$in" | awk '{print $2}')" && outtime="$(echo "$in" | awk '{print $3}')" && sed -i "/"$out" "$outtime"/ s/<v>.*<\/v>/<v>NAN<\/v>/" dumpteste.xml; done <<< "$(sort -k3 -k4 -k5 dumpteste.xml | awk -v date="$date" -v from="$from" -v till="$till" '$2 == date && $3 >= from && $3 <= till' | tac)"

上述命令示例

cat dumpteste.xml         #original file
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:47:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 17:47:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:48:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 17:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --><row<v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-08-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>



date=2020-07-06
from=16:45:00
till=17:45:00

 Output  
cat dumpteste.xml      #after change

<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NAN</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:47:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NAN</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 17:47:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NAN</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 16:48:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NAN</v></row>
<!-- 2020-07-06 17:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>NAN</v></row>
<!-- 2020-08-06 16:45:00 WEST / 1594050300 --> <row><v>5.0000000000e+00</v></row>

請參閱日期 2020-07-06，當時間范圍為 16:45:00-17:45:00 時，時間為 16:45、16:48、16:47、17:45 的行已更改。 對於時間 16:45 但日期 2020-08-06 它沒有更改，因為日期不匹配。

此外，如果您需要在范圍內輸入日期，請定義四個變量：日期、結束日期、從、到。 並執行以下命令

date=2020-07-06
enddate=2020-08-06
from=16:45:00
till=17:45:00
while IFS= read -r in; do out="$(echo "$in" | awk '{print $2}')" && outtime="$(echo "$in" | awk '{print $3}')" && sed -i "/"$out" "$outtime"/ s/<v>.*<\/v>/<v>NAN<\/v>/" du*; done <<< "$(sort -k3 -k4 -k5 du* | awk -v date="$date" -v from="$from" -v till="$till" -v enddate="$enddate" '$2 >= date && $2 <= enddate && $3 >= from && $3 <= till' | tac)"

上面的命令將幫助您完成更改日期和時間范圍內提供的值的任務希望這足夠了嗎？

較短的版本：1）。 有時間范圍

date=2020-07-06 && from=16:45:00 && till=17:45:00 && gawk -i inplace -v date="$date" -v from="$from" -v till="$till" '$2 == date && $3 >= from && $3 <= till {gsub(/<v>[^<]*/, "<v>nan<")}1' dumpteste.xml

2）。 具有日期和時間范圍

date=2020-07-06 && from=16:45:00 && till=17:45:00 && enddate=2020-08-06 && awk -v date="$date" -v from="$from" -v till="$till" -v enddate="$enddate" '$2 >= date && $2 <= enddate && $3 >= from && $3 <= till {gsub(/<v>[^<]*/, "<v>nan<")}1' dumpteste.xml