Errno 111：使用 Python 腳本連接到 Elasticsearch 時連接被拒絕

Question

我遇到了一個 dockerized elasticsearch 集群的問題，我想用一個簡單的 python 索引腳本連接它。

執行 docker-compose up 后，它會啟動集群、kibana，但是當它嘗試通過 python 腳本連接到 ES 時，出現以下錯誤：

elasticsearch.exceptions.ConnectionError: ConnectionError(<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x7f1c04e0c0d0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused) caused by: NewConnectionError(<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x7f1c04e0c0d0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused)

用瀏覽器可以到ES，執行pycharm里面的腳本也可以定時索引。所以跟docker有關，但是找不到問題的根源。 這是我的 dockerfile：

    version: '3.4'
services:
  es01:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.8.1
    container_name: es01
    environment:
      #- discovery.type=single-node needed?
      - node.name=es01
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es02,es03
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - xpack.security.enabled=false
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - data01:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
    ports:
      - 9200:9200
    networks:
      - elastic

  es02:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.8.1
    container_name: es02
    environment:
      - node.name=es02
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es01,es03
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - data02:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
    networks:
      - elastic

  es03:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.8.1
    container_name: es03
    environment:
      - node.name=es03
      - cluster.name=es-docker-cluster
      - discovery.seed_hosts=es01,es02
      - cluster.initial_master_nodes=es01,es02,es03
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    volumes:
      - data03:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
    networks:
      - elastic

  kib01:
    image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:7.8.1
    container_name: kib01
    depends_on:
      - es01
      - es02
      - es03
    ports:
      - 5601:5601
    environment:
      ELASTICSEARCH_URL: http://es01:9200
      ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS: http://es01:9200
    networks:
      - elastic

  web:
    build: .
    ports:
      - 8000:8000
    depends_on:
      - es01
      - es02
      - es03
    networks:
      - elastic


volumes:
  data01:
    driver: local
  data02:
    driver: local
  data03:
    driver: local

networks:
  elastic:
    driver: bridge

和 python 腳本：

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch, helpers
import sys, json, os
import requests

es = Elasticsearch([{'host': '127.0.0.1', 'port': 9200}])

def load_json(directory):
    " Use a generator, no need to load all in memory"
    for filename in os.listdir(directory):
        if filename.endswith('.json'):
            filename = "JSON/" + filename
            with open(filename,'r') as open_file:
                yield json.load(open_file)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    helpers.bulk(es, load_json("JSON"), index='urteile')

容器外部的 Curl localhost 有效，但容器內部無效，並給出以下錯誤：

docker 文件中的 curl 命令也給我一個 Connection refused by the way。 這是我得到的錯誤：

mapping_1  | * TCP_NODELAY set
mapping_1  | * connect to 127.0.0.1 port 9200 failed: Connection refused
mapping_1  | *   Trying ::1...
mapping_1  | * TCP_NODELAY set
mapping_1  | * Immediate connect fail for ::1: Address not available
mapping_1  | *   Trying ::1...
mapping_1  | * TCP_NODELAY set
mapping_1  | * Immediate connect fail for ::1: Address not available
mapping_1  | * Failed to connect to localhost port 9200: Connection refused
mapping_1  | * Closing connection 0
mapping_1  | curl: (7) Failed to connect to localhost port 9200: Connection refused

任何人都知道這里可能是什么問題？

編輯：

好的，所以使用 es01 而不是 localhost 的評論有所幫助，因為當插入“客戶端”服務時，它將成功 ping Elasticsearch。仍然 - python 應用程序告訴我連接被拒絕......

Answer 1

您在 python 代碼中使用 localhost 作為 ES 集群地址。 ES 在單獨的容器上運行，因此您需要使用這些主機名。 在您的情況下，您可以使用 docker 中聲明的服務名稱組成 yaml 文件（es01、es02 等）而不是 127.0.0.1