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[英]How can I create a wasm_bindgen Closure which captures a Rc<RefCell<_>> without moving out of it?
[英]How can I use Rust with wasm-bindgen to create a closure that creates another closure with state?
我正在嘗試創建一個小型 web 應用程序,該應用程序將允許用戶將文件拖放到 window 上。 然后將讀取文件並將其內容連同文件名一起打印到控制台。 此外,文件將被添加到列表中。
JS 中的等效代碼可能類似於:
window.ondragenter = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
}
window.ondragover = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
}
const allFiles = [];
const dropCallback = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
const files = e.dataTransfer.files;
console.log("Got", files.length, "files");
for (let i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
const file = files.item(i);
const fileName = file.name;
const readCallback = (text) => {
console.log(fileName, text);
allFiles.push({fileName, text});
}
file.text().then(readCallback);
}
};
window.ondrop = dropCallback;
當嘗試在 Rust 中執行此操作時,我遇到了外部閉包需要實現FnOnce
以將all_files
再次移出其 scope 的問題,這破壞了Closure::wrap
的預期簽名。 而Closure::once
不會成功,因為我需要能夠將多個文件放到 window 上。
這是我沒有運氣嘗試過的代碼:
use wasm_bindgen::prelude::*;
use wasm_bindgen::JsCast;
use wasm_bindgen::JsValue;
macro_rules! console_log {
($($t:tt)*) => (web_sys::console::log_1(&JsValue::from(format_args!($($t)*).to_string())))
}
struct File {
name: String,
contents: String,
}
#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn main() {
let mut all_files = Vec::new();
let drop_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
let drag_event_ref: &web_sys::DragEvent = JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(event);
let drag_event = drag_event_ref.clone();
match drag_event.data_transfer() {
None => {}
Some(data_transfer) => match data_transfer.files() {
None => {}
Some(files) => {
console_log!("Got {:?} files", files.length());
for i in 0..files.length() {
if let Some(file) = files.item(i) {
let name = file.name();
let read_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |text: JsValue| {
let contents = text.as_string().unwrap();
console_log!("Contents of {:?} are {:?}", name, contents);
all_files.push(File {
name,
contents
});
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(JsValue)>);
file.text().then(&read_callback);
read_callback.forget();
}
}
}
},
}
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
// These are just necessary to make sure the drop event is sent
let drag_enter = Closure::wrap(Box::new(|event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
console_log!("Drag enter!");
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
let drag_over = Closure::wrap(Box::new(|event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
console_log!("Drag over!");
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
// Register all the events on the window
web_sys::window()
.and_then(|win| {
win.set_ondragenter(Some(JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(drag_enter.as_ref())));
win.set_ondragover(Some(JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(drag_over.as_ref())));
win.set_ondrop(Some(JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(drop_callback.as_ref())));
win.document()
})
.expect("Could not find window");
// Make sure our closures outlive this function
drag_enter.forget();
drag_over.forget();
drop_callback.forget();
}
我得到的錯誤是
error[E0525]: expected a closure that implements the `FnMut` trait, but this closure only implements `FnOnce`
--> src/lib.rs:33:72
|
33 | ... let read_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |text: JsValue| {
| - ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ this closure implements `FnOnce`, not `FnMut`
| _________________________________________________________|
| |
34 | | ... let contents = text.as_string().unwrap();
35 | | ... console_log!("Contents of {:?} are {:?}", name, contents);
36 | | ...
37 | | ... all_files.push(File {
38 | | ... name,
| | ---- closure is `FnOnce` because it moves the variable `name` out of its environment
39 | | ... contents
40 | | ... });
41 | | ... }) as Box<dyn FnMut(JsValue)>);
| |________________________- the requirement to implement `FnMut` derives from here
error[E0525]: expected a closure that implements the `FnMut` trait, but this closure only implements `FnOnce`
--> src/lib.rs:20:48
|
20 | let drop_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |event: &web_sys::Event| {
| - ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ this closure implements `FnOnce`, not `FnMut`
| _______________________________________|
| |
21 | | event.prevent_default();
22 | | let drag_event_ref: &web_sys::DragEvent = JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(event);
23 | | let drag_event = drag_event_ref.clone();
... |
33 | | let read_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |text: JsValue| {
| | -------------------- closure is `FnOnce` because it moves the variable `all_files` out of its environment
... |
50 | | }
51 | | }) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
| |______- the requirement to implement `FnMut` derives from here
error: aborting due to 2 previous errors; 1 warning emitted
For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0525`.
error: could not compile `hello_world`.
To learn more, run the command again with --verbose.
在一個更復雜的示例中,我無法以更簡單的形式重現,我得到一個更神秘的錯誤,但我希望它與上述有關:
error[E0277]: expected a `std::ops::FnMut<(&web_sys::Event,)>` closure, found `[closure@src/main.rs:621:52: 649:10 contents:std::option::Option<std::string::String>, drop_proxy:winit::event_loop::EventLoopProxy<CustomEvent>]`
--> src/main.rs:621:43
|
621 | let drop_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |event: &web_sys::Event| {
| ___________________________________________^
622 | | event.prevent_default();
623 | | let drag_event_ref: &web_sys::DragEvent = JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(event);
624 | | let drag_event = drag_event_ref.clone();
... |
648 | | }
649 | | }) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
| |__________^ expected an `FnMut<(&web_sys::Event,)>` closure, found `[closure@src/main.rs:621:52: 649:10 contents:std::option::Option<std::string::String>, drop_proxy:winit::event_loop::EventLoopProxy<CustomEvent>]`
我嘗試將all_files
變量放入RefCell
,但我仍然遇到類似的錯誤。 我可以使用任何技巧或類型在 Rust 中解決此問題並實現我想要的嗎?
首先,您試圖將name
復制到File
的多個實例中,但它必須被克隆。 其次,您需要正確確保在閉包想要調用它時all_files
可用。 這樣做的一種方法是使用RefCell
啟用多個閉包來寫入它,並將其包裝在Rc
中以確保只要任何閉包都處於活動狀態,它就保持活動狀態。
嘗試這個:
use std::{cell::RefCell, rc::Rc};
use wasm_bindgen::{prelude::*, JsCast, JsValue};
macro_rules! console_log {
($($t:tt)*) => (web_sys::console::log_1(&JsValue::from(format_args!($($t)*).to_string())))
}
struct File {
name: String,
contents: String,
}
#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn main() {
let all_files = Rc::new(RefCell::new(Vec::new()));
let drop_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
let drag_event_ref: &web_sys::DragEvent = event.unchecked_ref();
let drag_event = drag_event_ref.clone();
match drag_event.data_transfer() {
None => {}
Some(data_transfer) => match data_transfer.files() {
None => {}
Some(files) => {
console_log!("Got {:?} files", files.length());
for i in 0..files.length() {
if let Some(file) = files.item(i) {
let name = file.name();
let all_files_ref = Rc::clone(&all_files);
let read_callback = Closure::wrap(Box::new(move |text: JsValue| {
let contents = text.as_string().unwrap();
console_log!("Contents of {:?} are {:?}", &name, contents);
(*all_files_ref).borrow_mut().push(File {
name: name.clone(),
contents,
});
})
as Box<dyn FnMut(JsValue)>);
file.text().then(&read_callback);
read_callback.forget();
}
}
}
},
}
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
// These are just necessary to make sure the drop event is sent
let drag_enter = Closure::wrap(Box::new(|event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
console_log!("Drag enter!");
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
let drag_over = Closure::wrap(Box::new(|event: &web_sys::Event| {
event.prevent_default();
console_log!("Drag over!");
}) as Box<dyn FnMut(&web_sys::Event)>);
// Register all the events on the window
web_sys::window()
.and_then(|win| {
win.set_ondragenter(Some(drag_enter.as_ref().unchecked_ref()));
win.set_ondragover(Some(drag_over.as_ref().unchecked_ref()));
win.set_ondrop(Some(drop_callback.as_ref().unchecked_ref()));
win.document()
})
.expect("Could not find window");
// Make sure our closures outlive this function
drag_enter.forget();
drag_over.forget();
drop_callback.forget();
}
請注意,如果您使用多個線程,則可能需要RefCell
以外的東西(可能是Mutex
)。 此外,我還將JsCast::unchecked_from_js_ref(x)
的使用更改為更規范的x.as_ref().unchecked_ref()
。
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