繼續運行后台服務 (Android)

Question

我創建的后台服務在用戶登錄后啟動，即使在活動被“扔到垃圾桶”之后也應該工作。 服務顯示它正在運行的通知，注冊兩個廣播接收器以監視 wifi 和電話狀態，並且應該繼續運行直到令牌未過期或用戶注銷。

一切正常，但服務被android殺死。真正有效的唯一解決方案是這篇文章的說明http://nine-faq.9folders.com/articles/37422-stop-your-huawei-smartphone-from-closure-apps-當你鎖定屏幕不幸的是，這個解決方案是不可接受的，因為它依賴於用戶。

C# 使用 Xamarin 創建的代碼，但如果有人知道如何以編程方式實現文章中的解決方案，即使使用其他語言（java，kotlin），我也會很高興提供有用的建議

顯現

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
          android:versionCode="1" 
          android:versionName="1.0" 
          package="com.companyname.com.bgapptest">
  <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="25" android:targetSdkVersion="28" />
  <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    <service
       android:name="com.BGAppTest.BackgroundService"
       android:enabled="true"
       android:exported="false"/>
  </application>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS" />
</manifest>

從活動開始服務

活動

    using System;
using System.Linq;
using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Android.Content.PM;
using Android.OS;
using Android.Provider;
using Android.Runtime;
using Android.Support.Design.Widget;
using Android.Support.V7.App;
using Android.Views;
using Android.Widget;
using AlertDialog = Android.Support.V7.App.AlertDialog;

namespace com.BGAppTest
{
    [Activity(Label = "@string/app_name", Theme = "@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar", MainLauncher = true)]
    public class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity
    {
        public static string HOPE = "Nothing";
        string[] perms = new string[] { "android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION", "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION", "android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE", "android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE","android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS"};

        protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
        {
            base.OnCreate(savedInstanceState);
            SetContentView(Resource.Layout.activity_main);
            Android.Support.V7.Widget.Toolbar toolbar = FindViewById<Android.Support.V7.Widget.Toolbar>(Resource.Id.toolbar);
            SetSupportActionBar(toolbar);
            FloatingActionButton fab = FindViewById<FloatingActionButton>(Resource.Id.fab);
            fab.Click += FabOnClick;
            HOPE = DateTime.Now.ToString();
            StartService();
        }

        public override bool OnCreateOptionsMenu(IMenu menu)
        {
            MenuInflater.Inflate(Resource.Menu.menu_main, menu);
            return true;
        }

        public override bool OnOptionsItemSelected(IMenuItem item)
        {
            int id = item.ItemId;
            if (id == Resource.Id.action_settings)
            {
                return true;
            }

            return base.OnOptionsItemSelected(item);
        }

        private void FabOnClick(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
        {
            View view = (View)sender;
            Intent service = new Intent(this, typeof(BackgroundService));
            StopService(service);
        }

        protected void IGnoreBatteryActivity()
        {
            PowerManager m = GetSystemService(PowerService) as PowerManager;
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            if (m.IsIgnoringBatteryOptimizations(this.PackageName))
            {
                //intent.SetAction(Settings.ActionIgnoreBatteryOptimizationSettings);
            }
            else
            {
                intent.SetAction(Settings.ActionRequestIgnoreBatteryOptimizations);
                intent.SetData(Android.Net.Uri.Parse("package:" + PackageName));
                StartActivity(intent);

            }

        }

        void StartService()
        {
            foreach (var p in perms)
            {
                if (CheckSelfPermission(p) == Permission.Denied)
                {
                    RequestPermissions(perms, 2);
                    return;
                }
            }
            IGnoreBatteryActivity();
            Intent service = new Intent(this, typeof(BackgroundService));
            if (Build.VERSION.SdkInt >= BuildVersionCodes.O)
                StartForegroundService(service);
            else
                StartService(service);

        }

        public override void OnRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, string[] permissions, [GeneratedEnum] Permission[] grantResults)
        {
            base.OnRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
            if (grantResults.Any(x => x == Permission.Denied))
            {
                RunOnUiThread(() =>
                {
                    new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                       .SetMessage("Uprawnienia są wymagane.Chcesz nadać uprawnienia?")
                       .SetNegativeButton("Nie", delegate
                       {
                           this.FinishAffinity();
                       })
                       .SetPositiveButton("Tak", delegate
                       {
                           RequestPermissions(perms, requestCode);
                       })
                       .SetCancelable(false)
                       .Create()
                       .Show();
                });
            }
            else
                StartService();
        }

    }
}

服務

    [Service(Name = "com.BGAppTest.BackgroundService")]
public class BackgroundService : Service
{
    NetworkChangeReceiver networkReceiver;
    PhoneCallsReceiver receiver;
    const int Service_Running_Notification_ID = 937;
    public bool isStarted = false;
    PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock;
    public BackgroundService()
    {

    }
    [return: GeneratedEnum]
    public override StartCommandResult OnStartCommand(Intent intent, [GeneratedEnum] StartCommandFlags flags, int startId)
    {
        if (isStarted)
            return StartCommandResult.Sticky;
        isStarted = true;
        PowerManager m = GetSystemService(Context.PowerService) as PowerManager;
        wakeLock = m.NewWakeLock(WakeLockFlags.Partial, "MYWeakLock");
        wakeLock.Acquire();
        return StartCommandResult.Sticky;
    }
    public override void OnCreate()
    {
        base.OnCreate();
        RegisterForegroundService();
        RegisterWifiReceiver();
        RegisterPhoneReceiver();

    }



    public void RegisterForegroundService()
    {
        Notification notification = BuildNotification("Title","Text");
        StartForeground(Service_Running_Notification_ID, notification);
    }


    Notification BuildNotification(string title, string message)
    {
        NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = null;
        if (Build.VERSION.SdkInt >= BuildVersionCodes.O)
        {
            String NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = "com.BGAppTest";
            NotificationChannel chan = new NotificationChannel(NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID, "MY_Foreground", NotificationImportance.High);
            NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService);
            manager.CreateNotificationChannel(chan);
            notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID);
        }
        else
            notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);

        return notificationBuilder
          .SetSmallIcon(Resource.Drawable.ic_mtrl_chip_checked_black)
           .SetContentTitle(Resources.GetString(Resource.String.app_name))
           .SetContentIntent(BuildIntentToShowMainActivity())
           .SetContentTitle(title)
           .SetStyle(new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle().BigText(message))
           .SetOngoing(true)
           .Build();

    }

    private PendingIntent BuildIntentToShowMainActivity()
    {
        var intent = this.PackageManager.GetLaunchIntentForPackage(this.PackageName);
        intent.AddFlags(ActivityFlags.ClearTop);
        var pendingIntent = PendingIntent.GetActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntentFlags.UpdateCurrent);
        return pendingIntent;

    }


    public void RegisterWifiReceiver()
    {
        var networkReceiver = new NetworkChangeReceiver();
        IntentFilter intentFilters = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilters.AddAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        RegisterReceiver(networkReceiver, intentFilters);
    }
    public void RegisterPhoneReceiver()
    {
        var receiver = new PhoneCallsReceiver();
        IntentFilter intentFilters = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilters.AddAction("android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE");
        RegisterReceiver(receiver, intentFilters);

    }

    public override IBinder OnBind(Intent intent)
    {
        return null;
    }
    #region Session checker
    //TODO:przenieść tą fukcionalność do odzielnego serwisu
    System.Timers.Timer timers = new System.Timers.Timer();
    private void StartTokenExpiredTimer()
    {
    }

    #endregion
    public override void OnDestroy()
    {
        base.OnDestroy();
        try
        {
            UnregisterReceiver(receiver);
            UnregisterReceiver(networkReceiver);
        }
        catch { }

    }
}

接收器

using Android.Content;
using Android.Widget;


namespace com.BGAppTestReceivers
{
    public class NetworkChangeReceiver: BroadcastReceiver
    {

        static NetworkChangeReceiver()
        {

        }
        public NetworkChangeReceiver()
        {
        }
        public override async void OnReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            Toast.MakeText(context, "BGNetworkChange", ToastLength.Short).Show();

        }


    }

    public class PhoneCallsReceiver : BroadcastReceiver
    {

        static PhoneCallsReceiver()
        {

        }
        public PhoneCallsReceiver()
        {
        }
        public override async void OnReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            Toast.MakeText(context, "BGPhoneChange", ToastLength.Short).Show();
        }

    }


}

更新 26.09.2020

我添加了示例應用程序的完整代碼，使其盡可能簡單

更新 30.09.2020添加android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS和ActionRequestIgnoreBatteryOptimizations

Answer 1

您必須請求許可才能讓您的應用免於省電和應用待機模式。

您可以首先從“設置”>“應用程序”>“特殊應用程序訪問”>“電池優化”>“關閉應用程序優化”中手動嘗試。

如果它適合您，那么您可以要求用戶使用以下權限將您的應用列入白名單

android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS

Answer 2

我是Floating Apps 的作者，經過 7 年的開發，我已經看到它在近 11.000 種不同的設備上運行。 我還發布了一系列關於后台服務和浮動窗口的文章。

首先要說的是，如果沒有用戶交互，就不可能在所有設備上實現這一點。 一些供應商對 Android 系統進行了過多的更改，並添加了激進的內存或進程管理，有時需要手動操作。 此外，有些設備根本無法解決此問題。

什么有助於在不同的進程中運行服務（在AndroidManifest.xml使用multiprocess ），並且您應該為服務添加android:stopWithTask以便它不會被活動殺死 - 在某些設備上有幫助。

但基本上，在 Floating Apps 中，我嘗試檢測存在已知問題的手機，並要求用戶設置手機以使應用正常運行 - 禁用電池優化，添加到華為受保護的應用等。此外，很多問題都得到了解決通過我們的客戶支持（我的妻子實際上正在休產假 :-)）。

最后一個實例是將用戶發送到： https : //dontkillmyapp.com

坦率地說，對於大多數用戶來說，這實際上並不是什么大問題，並且在禁用電池優化的情況下，該應用程序對大多數用戶來說都運行良好。 但是，對於其中的一部分，根本沒有解決方案 - 不是程序化的，也不是手動的。 不要試圖為所有手機解決這個問題。