如何將我的 python 邏輯應用到 tkinter GUI 中？ 這是一個簡單的 GET 請求程序

Question

我正在嘗試制作一個發送短信的程序。 我唯一的問題是我不能讓它用 tkinter 做東西。 對不起，如果這聽起來令人困惑，英語不是我的第一語言，我會盡力解釋。

這是通過我的 API 發送 SMS 文本的簡單 GET 請求：

# GET
import requests
to = input("Enter Receiver: ") 
fromm = input("Enter Sender: ") 
message = input("Enter Message: ") 


payload = {'to': to, 'from': fromm, 'message': message, 'email': '@example.com', 'api_secret': '123456789abcdefg'}
r = requests.get('https://example.com/dashboard/api',params=payload)

print(r.text)

發送此 Get 請求后，我們會收到一個 json 響應，確認消息已發送。

這是我使用 tkinter 的 GUI 的樣子：

from tkinter import *

def send_message():
    print('sent')

def clear_text():
    print('cleared')

#window object
app = Tk()
# Sender
Sender_text = StringVar()
Sender_label = Label(app, text='Sender', font=('bold', 14), pady=20)
Sender_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
Sender_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=Sender_text)
Sender_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
# Receiver
Receiver_text = StringVar()
Receiver_label = Label(app, text='Receiver', font=('bold', 14))
Receiver_label.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W)
Receiver_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=Receiver_text)
Receiver_entry.grid(row=0, column=3)
# Message
Message_text = StringVar()
Message_label = Label(app, text='Message', font=('bold', 14))
Message_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
Message_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=Message_text)
Message_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
# Buttons
send_btn = Button(app, text='Send', width=12, command=send_message)
send_btn.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=20)
clear_btn = Button(app, text='Clear', width=12, command=clear_text)
clear_btn.grid(row=2, column=1)


app.title('SMS')
app.geometry('430x145')

#start
app.mainloop()

我花了大約兩個小時來學習如何制作 GUI，但現在我只是迷路了。 我不知道如何將邏輯實現到 GUI 中。 我如何使文本和按鈕工作？ 我在哪里添加功能？ 我真的迷路了。

非常感謝幫助。

Answer 1

您可以簡單地將邏輯（用xxx.get()替換所有input() xxx.get() ）放入函數send_message() ：

import requests

def send_message():
    receiver = Receiver_text.get()
    sender = Sender_text.get()
    message = Message_text.get()

    payload = {'to': receiver, 'from': sender, 'message': message, 
               'email': '@example.com', 'api_secret': '123456789abcdefg'}
    r = requests.get('https://example.com/dashboard/api', params=payload)
    print(r.text)

Answer 2

參考您的 GUI，讓我們為您的代碼提供更多結構，以便更清楚地看到正在發生的事情。 我已將窗口的設置放在一個函數my_window將main的參數app傳遞給它。 按下按鈕send sender_text 、 receiver_text和message_text的值是通過使用sender_text.get() 、 receiver_text.get()等獲得的。這些結果通過一個lambda函數傳遞給函數send_message 。

from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, Label, Entry, Button, W


def send_message(snd_txt, rcv_txt, msg_txt):
    print(f'sent: {snd_txt}, {rcv_txt}, {msg_txt}')


def clear_text():
    print('cleared')


def my_window(app):

    # Sender
    sender_text = StringVar()
    sender_label = Label(app, text='Sender', font=('bold', 14), pady=20)
    sender_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
    sender_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=sender_text)
    sender_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)

    # Receiver
    receiver_text = StringVar()
    receiver_label = Label(app, text='Receiver', font=('bold', 14))
    receiver_label.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W)
    receiver_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=receiver_text)
    receiver_entry.grid(row=0, column=3)

    # Message
    message_text = StringVar()
    message_label = Label(app, text='Message', font=('bold', 14))
    message_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
    message_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=message_text)
    message_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)

    # Buttons
    send_btn = Button(
        app, text='Send', width=12,
        command=lambda: send_message(sender_text.get(), receiver_text.get(), message_text.get()))
    send_btn.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=20)
    clear_btn = Button(app, text='Clear', width=12, command=clear_text)
    clear_btn.grid(row=2, column=1)


def main():
    app = Tk()
    app.title('SMS')
    app.geometry('430x145')
    my_window(app)
    app.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

然而，更常見的是定義my_window作為一個class ，使功能clear_text和send_message這個方法class賦予了更大的靈活性。

from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, Label, Entry, Button, W


class my_window:

    def __init__(self, app):
        # Sender
        self.sender_text = StringVar()
        sender_label = Label(app, text='Sender', font=('bold', 14), pady=20)
        sender_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
        sender_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=self.sender_text)
        sender_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)

        # Receiver
        self.receiver_text = StringVar()
        receiver_label = Label(app, text='Receiver', font=('bold', 14))
        receiver_label.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W)
        receiver_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=self.receiver_text)
        receiver_entry.grid(row=0, column=3)

        # Message
        self.message_text = StringVar()
        message_label = Label(app, text='Message', font=('bold', 14))
        message_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
        message_entry = Entry(app, textvariable=self.message_text)
        message_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)

        # Buttons
        send_btn = Button(app, text='Send', width=12, command=self.send_message)
        send_btn.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=20)
        clear_btn = Button(app, text='Clear', width=12, command=self.clear_text)
        clear_btn.grid(row=2, column=1)

    def send_message(self):
        print(f'sent: {self.sender_text.get()}, '
              f'{self.receiver_text.get()}, '
              f'{self.message_text.get()}')

    def clear_text(self):
        self.sender_text.set('')
        self.receiver_text.set('')
        self.message_text.set('')
        print('cleared')


def main():
    app = Tk()
    app.title('SMS')
    app.geometry('430x145')
    my_window(app)
    app.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()