無法為 Python 安裝新包（Python 3.9.0、Windows 10）

Question

為了升級和清理，我重置了我的電腦並安裝了Windows 10。自然地，我安裝了Python，因為我經常使用它。 但是當我嘗試使用命令“pip install matplotlib”安裝 MatPlotLib 時，它顯示了一條紅色的錯誤消息：

    C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\Scripts>pip install matplotlib
Collecting matplotlib
  Using cached matplotlib-3.3.2.tar.gz (37.9 MB)
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\majkl\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-ex__f7yd\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\majkl\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-ex__f7yd\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base 'C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-pip-egg-info-my5odhue'
         cwd: C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-ex__f7yd\matplotlib\
    Complete output (248 lines):
        ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
         command: 'c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' 'c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel 'C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp1jo_3g_p'
             cwd: C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy
        Complete output (200 lines):
        Running from numpy source directory.
        setup.py:470: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command, proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
          run_build = parse_setuppy_commands()
        Processing numpy/random\_bounded_integers.pxd.in
        Processing numpy/random\bit_generator.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\mtrand.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_bounded_integers.pyx.in
        Processing numpy/random\_common.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_generator.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_mt19937.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_pcg64.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_philox.pyx
        Processing numpy/random\_sfc64.pyx
        Cythonizing sources
        blas_opt_info:
        blas_mkl_info:
        No module named 'numpy.distutils._msvccompiler' in numpy.distutils; trying from distutils
        customize MSVCCompiler
          libraries mkl_rt not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        blis_info:
          libraries blis not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        openblas_info:
          libraries openblas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
        get_default_fcompiler: matching types: '['gnu', 'intelv', 'absoft', 'compaqv', 'intelev', 'gnu95', 'g95', 'intelvem', 'intelem', 'flang']'
        customize GnuFCompiler
        Could not locate executable g77
        Could not locate executable f77
        customize IntelVisualFCompiler
        Could not locate executable ifort
        Could not locate executable ifl
        customize AbsoftFCompiler
        Could not locate executable f90
        customize CompaqVisualFCompiler
        Could not locate executable DF
        customize IntelItaniumVisualFCompiler
        Could not locate executable efl
        customize Gnu95FCompiler
        Could not locate executable gfortran
        Could not locate executable f95
        customize G95FCompiler
        Could not locate executable g95
        customize IntelEM64VisualFCompiler
        customize IntelEM64TFCompiler
        Could not locate executable efort
        Could not locate executable efc
        customize PGroupFlangCompiler
        Could not locate executable flang
        don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'nt'
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_3_10_blas_threads_info:
        Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
          libraries tatlas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_3_10_blas_info:
          libraries satlas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_blas_threads_info:
        Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
          libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_blas_info:
          libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        accelerate_info:
          NOT AVAILABLE

        C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1914: UserWarning:
            Optimized (vendor) Blas libraries are not found.
            Falls back to netlib Blas library which has worse performance.
            A better performance should be easily gained by switching
            Blas library.
          if self._calc_info(blas):
        blas_info:
          libraries blas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1914: UserWarning:
            Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
            Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
            numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
            the BLAS environment variable.
          if self._calc_info(blas):
        blas_src_info:
          NOT AVAILABLE

        C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1914: UserWarning:
            Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
            Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
            numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
            the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
          if self._calc_info(blas):
          NOT AVAILABLE

        non-existing path in 'numpy\\distutils': 'site.cfg'
        lapack_opt_info:
        lapack_mkl_info:
          libraries mkl_rt not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        openblas_lapack_info:
          libraries openblas not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        openblas_clapack_info:
          libraries openblas,lapack not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        flame_info:
          libraries flame not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_3_10_threads_info:
        Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in C:\
          libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in C:\
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
          libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
        <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_threads_info'>
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_3_10_info:
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries satlas,satlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in C:\
          libraries satlas,satlas not found in C:\
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
          libraries satlas,satlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
        <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_info'>
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_threads_info:
        Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in C:\
          libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in C:\
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
          libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
        <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_threads_info'>
          NOT AVAILABLE

        atlas_info:
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in C:\
          libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in C:\
          libraries lapack_atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
          libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\libs
        <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_info'>
          NOT AVAILABLE

        lapack_info:
          libraries lapack not found in ['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\lib', 'C:\\', 'c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\libs']
          NOT AVAILABLE

        C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1748: UserWarning:
            Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
            Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
            numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
            the LAPACK environment variable.
          return getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(name))()
        lapack_src_info:
          NOT AVAILABLE

        C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-5qwibsn2\numpy\numpy\distutils\system_info.py:1748: UserWarning:
            Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
            Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
            numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
            the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
          return getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(name))()
          NOT AVAILABLE

        numpy_linalg_lapack_lite:
          FOUND:
            language = c
            define_macros = [('HAVE_BLAS_ILP64', None), ('BLAS_SYMBOL_SUFFIX', '64_')]

        c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\distutils\dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
          warnings.warn(msg)
        running dist_info
        running build_src
        build_src
        building py_modules sources
        creating build
        creating build\src.win-amd64-3.9
        creating build\src.win-amd64-3.9\numpy
        creating build\src.win-amd64-3.9\numpy\distutils
        building library "npymath" sources
        error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
        ----------------------------------------
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' 'c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel 'C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp1jo_3g_p' Check the logs for full command output.
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\installer.py", line 128, in fetch_build_egg
        subprocess.check_call(cmd)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\subprocess.py", line 373, in check_call
        raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
    subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\python.exe', '-m', 'pip', '--disable-pip-version-check', 'wheel', '--no-deps', '-w', 'C:\\Users\\majkl\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmp6fv0ox8i', '--quiet', 'numpy>=1.15']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

    The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "C:\Users\majkl\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-ex__f7yd\matplotlib\setup.py", line 242, in <module>
        setup(  # Finally, pass this all along to distutils to do the heavy lifting.
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 164, in setup
        _install_setup_requires(attrs)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 159, in _install_setup_requires
        dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 699, in fetch_build_eggs
        resolved_dists = pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 779, in resolve
        dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1064, in best_match
        return self.obtain(req, installer)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1076, in obtain
        return installer(requirement)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 758, in fetch_build_egg
        return fetch_build_egg(self, req)
      File "c:\users\majkl\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\setuptools\installer.py", line 130, in fetch_build_egg
        raise DistutilsError(str(e)) from e
    distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Command '['c:\\users\\majkl\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python39\\python.exe', '-m', 'pip', '--disable-pip-version-check', 'wheel', '--no-deps', '-w', 'C:\\Users\\majkl\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmp6fv0ox8i', '--quiet', 'numpy>=1.15']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

    Edit setup.cfg to change the build options; suppress output with --quiet.

    BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
      matplotlib: yes [3.3.2]
          python: yes [3.9.0 (tags/v3.9.0:9cf6752, Oct  5 2020, 15:34:40) [MSC
                      v.1927 64 bit (AMD64)]]
        platform: yes [win32]
     sample_data: yes [installing]
           tests: no  [skipping due to configuration]
          macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]

    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

它對我要安裝的所有其他 package 執行相同的操作。 我不知道該怎么做。 我已經嘗試重新安裝 pip、Python，我已經嘗試通過 conda 安裝軟件包，但我似乎無法解決問題。 任何幫助，將不勝感激。

Answer 1

Python 3.9 甚至還沒有發布 10 天。 據我所知，很多軟件包還不支持 Python 3.9。 我認為最好的辦法是卸載 Python 3.9 並安裝 Python 3.8.6。 如果你願意，你可以嘗試以下方法來確保，但我想我不會工作。

pip intstall pipwin
pipwin install <package name>

Answer 2

我遇到過同樣的問題。 我回到了 3.8.6 版，一切正常。 我們來的有點早。

Answer 3

建議先訪問： https : //www.python.org/downloads/

並找到最新的安全版本並使用它。 如果您向下滾動一點，您會看到：

所以在撰寫本文時，它仍然是Python 3.7 。

然后在同一頁面向下滾動並下載最新版本的 Python 3.7 ：

正如您所看到的，在編寫時是Python 3.7.9 ：

Answer 4

pip 安裝使用 CMD

python -m pip install -U https://github.com/pypa/pip/archive/master.zip

Answer 5

嘗試卸載並重新安裝python。 如果還是不行，可以試試這個命令：

python -m pip install -U https://github.com/pypa/pip/archive/master.zip

它會為你工作。 如果它仍然不起作用，請查看您的計算機上是否有“pip”。

打開 Windows 文件資源管理器並將其粘貼到

%appdata%

然后，單擊 AppData 並轉到“本地”>“程序”>“Python”>“Python39”>“腳本”，看看您是否有文件名“pip”。 如果沒有，請轉到應用程序和程序並搜索 Python，然后單擊修改並選中“pip”。 它應該可以工作，打開一個新的 cmd 並輸入pip並查看

Answer 6

使用下面的命令肯定會起作用：

pip install --user package 

只需將package更改為您要安裝的內容，如下所示：

pip install --user Tensorflow

只需在最后使用--user ，它肯定會為您工作。