如何在模型驗證 Spring Boot 中返回 400 狀態

Question

我想測試我的StudentDTO ：

@Entity
@ToString
@Setter
@Getter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class StudentDTO {
@Id
private int studentId;
@NotNull
@Size(min=2,max=30,message = "Name should consist of 2 to 30 symbols!")
private String studentName;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 2, max = 30,message = "Surname should consist of 2 to 30 symbols!")
private String studentSurname;
@NotNull
@Min(value = 10,message = "Student age should be more than 10!")
private int studentAge;
@NotNull
@Min(value = 1900,message = "Entry year should be more than 1900!")
@Max(value=2021,message = "Entry year should be less than 2021!")
private int entryYear;
@NotNull
@Min(value = 2020,message = "Graduate year should be not less than 2020!")
private int graduateYear;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 3,message = "Faculty name should consist of minimum 3 symbols!")
private String facultyName;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 4,message = "Group name should consist of 4 symbols!")
@Size(max = 4)
private String groupName;
}

在StudentController進行測試的方法：

@PostMapping("successStudentAddition")
public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("student") @Valid StudentDTO studentDTO, Errors errors, Model model) {

    if (errors.hasErrors()) {
        model.addAttribute(STUDENT_MODEL, studentDTO);
        return "/studentViews/addStudent";
    }

    Student student = new Student(studentDTO.getStudentId(), studentDTO.getStudentName(), studentDTO.getStudentSurname(),
            studentDTO.getStudentAge(), studentDTO.getEntryYear(), studentDTO.getGraduateYear(), studentDTO.getFacultyName(),
            groupService.getGroupIdByName(studentDTO.getGroupName()));
    studentService.addStudent(student);
    return "/studentViews/successStudentAddition";
}

我正在嘗試以這種方式進行測試：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest(controllers = StudentController.class)
class StudentControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;

@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

@MockBean
private StudentController studentController;

@Test
void whenInputIsInvalid_thenReturnsStatus400() throws Exception {
    StudentDTO studentDTO = new StudentDTO();
    studentDTO.setStudentId(0);
    studentDTO.setStudentName("Sasha");
    studentDTO.setStudentSurname("Georginia");
    studentDTO.setStudentAge(0);
    studentDTO.setEntryYear(5);
    studentDTO.setGraduateYear(1);
    studentDTO.setFacultyName("facop");
    studentDTO.setGroupName("BIKS");

    mvc.perform(post("/studentViews/successStudentAddition")
            .accept(MediaType.TEXT_HTML))
            .andExpect(status().isBadRequest())
            .andExpect(model().attribute("student", studentDTO))
            .andDo(print());
}
}

在我的測試中，我得到了 200 錯誤，但我需要得到 400 錯誤，並在我的StudentDTO字段上確定上述錯誤。

例如，如果我通過studentAge = 5 ，我應該得到 400 錯誤和消息： Student age should be more than 10! 就像在StudentDTO 。

Answer 1

我經常求助於 spring 的org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity 類。

@PostMapping("successStudentAddition")
public ResponseEntity<String> addStudent(@ModelAttribute("student") @Valid StudentDTO studentDTO, Errors errors, Model model) {

    if (errors.hasErrors()) {
        model.addAttribute(STUDENT_MODEL, studentDTO);
        return new ResponseEntity<String>("/studentViews/addStudent", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    Student student = new Student(studentDTO.getStudentId(), studentDTO.getStudentName(), studentDTO.getStudentSurname(),
            studentDTO.getStudentAge(), studentDTO.getEntryYear(), studentDTO.getGraduateYear(), studentDTO.getFacultyName(),
            groupService.getGroupIdByName(studentDTO.getGroupName()));
    studentService.addStudent(student);
    return new ResponseEntity<String>("/studentViews/successStudentAddition", HttpStatus.Ok);
}

Answer 2

當您遇到這樣的情況時，Spring 將拋出MethodArgumentNotValidException 。 要處理這些異常，您可以使用@ControllerAdvice編寫一個類。

@ControllerAdvice
public class ErrorHandler {
     

    @ExceptionHandler(value = {MethodArgumentNotValidException.class})
    public ResponseEntity<Error> invalidArgumentExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
// Instead of "/studentViews/successStudentAddition" you can return to some generic error page.
            return new ResponseEntity<String>("/studentViews/successStudentAddition", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }
}