與 spring 集成的 Struts 2.5 Junit 測試設置

Question

支柱版本：2.5.25

春季版本：4.3.26

使用：struts2-rest-plugin、struts2-spring-plugin、JUnit 4

我正在尋求幫助以糾正我的單元測試配置，該配置當前拋出異常“ServletContext 不能為空”。 下面是堆棧跟蹤：

Unable to instantiate Action, com.hs.iws.actions.security.LoginAction,  defined for 'login' in namespace '/security'Error creating bean with name 'com.hs.iws.actions.security.LoginAction': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: ServletContext must not be null
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:320)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.init(DefaultActionInvocation.java:401)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:201)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:76)
    at org.apache.struts2.rest.RestActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(RestActionProxyFactory.java:50)
    at org.apache.struts2.StrutsJUnit4TestCase.getActionProxy(StrutsJUnit4TestCase.java:156)
    at com.hs.iws.actions.security.LoginActionTest.testValidation(LoginActionTest.java:41)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.hs.iws.actions.security.LoginAction': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: ServletContext must not be null
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:137)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:407)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1611)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:398)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:201)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:169)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildBean(ObjectFactory.java:177)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultActionFactory.buildAction(DefaultActionFactory.java:40)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildAction(ObjectFactory.java:142)
    at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:301)
    ... 43 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: ServletContext must not be null
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:134)
    at org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(WebApplicationContextUtils.java:108)
    at org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(WebApplicationContextUtils.java:98)
    at com.hs.iws.actions.IwsActionSupport.getSpringContext(IwsActionSupport.java:166)
    at com.hs.iws.actions.IwsActionSupport.setupActionSupport(IwsActionSupport.java:112)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleElement.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:366)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleMetadata.invokeInitMethods(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:311)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:134)
    ... 52 more

單元測試（spring bean是通過注解配置的，我們沒有使用任何xml）

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = LoginActionSpringConfig.class)
public class LoginActionTest extends IwsStrutsSpringTestCase<LoginAction> {
    
    // THIS TEST RUNS OKAY
    @Test
    public void getActionMapping() {
        ActionMapping mapping = getActionMapping("/security/login");
        Assert.assertNotNull(mapping);
        Assert.assertEquals("/security", mapping.getNamespace());
        Assert.assertEquals("login", mapping.getName());
    }


    // THIS TEST PRODUCES THE ERROR WHEN CALLING getActionProxy()
    @Test
    public void testValidation() {
        
        // the login uses the create() which expects the POST method
        request.setMethod("POST");

        ActionProxy proxy = getActionProxy("/security/login");
        Assert.assertNotNull(proxy);

        LoginAction action = (LoginAction)proxy.getAction();
        Assert.assertNotNull(action);

        Assert.assertTrue("expected some field errors", !action.getFieldErrors().isEmpty());
    }
}

LoginActionSpringConfig.class

@Configuration
public class LoginActionSpringConfig {

    @Bean
    public IIwsAuthenticationService authenticationService() {
        return new IwsAuthenticationServiceTest();
    }

    @Bean
    public ISecurityLogDao securityLogDao() {
        return new SecurityLogDaoTest();
    }

    @Bean
    public IUsersDepartmentDao usersDepartmentDao() {
        return new UsersDepartmentDaoTest();
    }

    @Bean
    public IDepartmentDao departmentDao() {
        return new DepartmentDaoTest();
    }

    @Bean
    public IwsCookieInterface iwsCookie() {
        return new IwsCookieTest();
    }

}

我的 web 應用程序當前使用 web.xml 中的 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

<listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

然后指定這個 contextClass

<context-param>
        <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
        <param-value>
            org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

我不確定，但我懷疑我需要在我的單元測試配置中做一些額外的事情來解決這個問題。 到目前為止，我一直無法找到答案。

在 StrutsJUnit4TestCase 中有一個 servletContext 字段，我已經確認它不是空的。 但是，我懷疑這只是為了滿足支柱而不是彈簧。 在通過 Junit 4 測試我的 Struts 操作時，有人可以幫助我指出正確的方向來配置這個缺少的 ServletContext 嗎？

更新 11/1下面是調試器的屏幕截圖。 我試圖說我相信有兩個 ServletContext 一個在 struts 中，一個在 spring 中。 看起來 struts 測試已經在設置中填充了 servletContext。 我的配置中是否缺少某些內容來滿足 spring 的 null ServletContext？

更新 11/1我已經弄清楚錯誤的來源。 被測試的 LoginAction 繼承了這個在超類中被調用的方法。

protected WebApplicationContext getSpringContext() {
        return WebApplicationContextUtils
                .getWebApplicationContext(ServletActionContext.getServletContext());
    }

ServletActionContext.getServletContext() 返回 null，這是問題的原因。 如何在單元測試中連接 ServletActionContext 以按預期運行？

Answer 1

我能夠通過覆蓋 StrutsJunit4TestCase.getActionProxy() 來解決這個問題。 我當前的操作設置試圖在構建操作時訪問 WebApplicationContext，這發生在當前 getActionProxy() 將必要的對象注入 ServletActionContext 之前。 以下是我解決此問題的覆蓋

    @Override
protected ActionProxy getActionProxy(String uri) {

    // the super.getActionProxy() already sets this, but does it at the end of the method.
    // the ActionProxy proxy = ... line is already expecting it to be present and produces a NPE
    ServletActionContext.setServletContext(servletContext);
    ServletActionContext.setRequest(request);
    ServletActionContext.setResponse(response);

    return super.getActionProxy(uri);
}