逐行讀取文本文件並僅使用 read() 將其轉換為列表？

Question

所以我有一個包含以下數字的 txt 文件：

10
5
6
2
3
4
1
9
34
22
5

每行只有一個數字。 我想將所有數字放在一個列表中，並且只使用read() function。 不允許使用readline()或readlines() 。

這就是我嘗試做的（注意我必須像這樣使用 function）：

def get_list1(text):
    result=[]
    for row in text:
        result.append(row)
    return result

with open("file.txt") as f:
    n = f.read()

l=get_list1(n)
print(l)

這是 output：

['1', '0', '\n', '5', '\n', '6', '\n', '2', '\n', '3', '\n', '4', '\n', '1',
 '\n', '9', '\n', '3', '4', '\n', '2', '2', '\n', '5']

如您所見，它包含\n並將數字拆分為其數字。

我想要一個 output

['10','5','6','2','3','4','1','9','34','22','5']

Answer 1

您可以使用split() ：

def get_list1(text):
    result=[]
    for row in text:
        result.append(row)
    return result

with open("test.txt") as f:
    n = f.read().split("\n")

l=get_list1(n)
print(l)

或者只使用splitlines()

def get_list1(text):
    result=[]
    for row in text:
        result.append(row)
    return result

with open("test.txt") as f:
    n = f.read().splitlines()

l=get_list1(n)
print(l)

Answer 2

做到這一點的捷徑是

def get_list1(text):
    return text.split("\n")

with open("file.txt") as f:
    get_list1(f.read()) 

或者你可以用類似的東西替換 function

# takes care of empty lines as well and create actual integers in a list
l = list(map(int, (w.strip() for w in f.read().split() if w.strip())))

你的錯誤是因為：

 def get_list1(text): # text is a big text with \n in it result=[] # iterates the big blob of text as single characters for row in text: result.append(row) return result

---

如果你不能使用任何split()你可以一次解析你的文件一個字符：

def get_list1(text): 
    """This function takes a text with included newlines \n, and processes it
    characterwise. Each character is added into a list of lists where the last 
    of it is always a list. A character is added to that last inner list 
    if it is not a \n. 
    If a \n is encountered, the last inner list is converted to a string
    (if not empty - to account for newlines in the input) and a new empty
    list is added for the characters of the next line. At the end the case
    of last character == \n is handled. A list of line texts is returned."""
    result=[[]]
    for character in text:
        if character == "\n":
            t = ''.join(result[-1]).strip()
            if len(t) > 0:
                # change list of characters into string
                result[-1] = int(t)
                result.append([])
            else:
                result[-1].clear()
            continue
        result[-1].append(character)

    try:
        t = ''.join(result[-1]).strip()
        if len(t) > 0:
            # change list of characters into string
            result[-1] = int(t)
        else:
            result = result[:-1] 
    except:
        result = result[:-1] 

    return result


print(get_list1("1\n11\n111\n111\n11111\n11\n"))

Output：

[1, 11, 111, 111, 11111, 11]