鏈表返回單鏈表中的根節點 C

Question

我正在編寫一個程序來刪除大於 x 的節點。 我想刪除后返回鏈表的根節點。 我將新的根節點保存在變量“root”中。 但不幸的是，當我在主 function 中獲得 root 時，該值似乎為 0。有人可以幫我確定問題嗎？**

// structure of a node
struct Node {
    int data;
    Node* next;
};

// function to get a new node
Node* getNode(int data)
{
  
    Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    newNode->data = data;
    newNode->next = NULL;
    return newNode;
}

// function to delete all the nodes from the list
// that are greater than the specified value x
Node *deleteGreaterNodes(Node* head_ref, int x)
{
    Node *temp = head_ref, *prev;
    static Node *root;

    // If head node itself holds the value greater than 'x'
    if (temp != NULL && temp->data > x) {
        head_ref = temp->next; // Changed head
        free(temp); // free old head
        temp = head_ref; // Change temp
    }
    root = temp;
    // Delete occurrences other than head
    while (temp != NULL) {

        // Search for the node to be deleted,
        // keep track of the previous node as we
        // need to change 'prev->next'
        while (temp != NULL && temp->data <= x) {
            prev = temp;
            temp = temp->next;
        }

        // If required value node was not present
        // in linked list
        if (temp == NULL)
            return 0;

        // Unlink the node from linked list
        prev->next = temp->next;

        free (temp); // Free memory

        // Update Temp for next iteration of
        // outer loop
        temp = prev->next;
    }
    return head_ref;
}

// function to a print a linked list
void printList(Node* head)
{
    while (head) {
       
        printf("%d ",head->data);
        head = head->next;
    }
}

// Driver program to test above
int main()
{
    static Node *root;
    // Create list: 7->3->4->8->5->1
    Node* head = getNode(7);
    head->next = getNode(3);
    head->next->next = getNode(4);
    head->next->next->next = getNode(8);
    head->next->next->next->next = getNode(5);
    head->next->next->next->next->next = getNode(1);

    int x = 3;

   
     printf("Original List: "); 
    printList(head);

   root = deleteGreaterNodes(head, x);
     
     printf("\nModified List: "); 
    printList(root);

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

對於初學者，不要在一個翻譯單元中混合兩種語言 C 和 C++。

編寫 C 或 C++ 程序。

例如 C 中的這個聲明

// structure of a node
struct Node {
    int data;
    Node* next;
};

不正確，你必須寫

// structure of a node
struct Node {
    int data;
    struct Node* next;
};

聲明 static 變量root沒有太大意義

static Node *root;

然后又是一個可變head 。

// Create list: 7->3->4->8->5->1
Node* head = getNode(7);

您的 function deleteGreaterNodes太復雜了，與任何復雜的 function 一樣，它在此代碼段中包含一個錯誤

    // If required value node was not present
    // in linked list
    if (temp == NULL)
        return 0;

因為它返回一個 null 指針而不是返回指針head_ref 。

這是根據 C 語言調整的更新程序，其中包含修改后的 function deleteGreaterNodes 。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// structure of a node
struct Node {
    int data;
    struct Node* next;
};

// function to get a new node
struct Node* getNode(int data)
{
  
    struct Node* newNode = ( struct Node * )malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    newNode->data = data;
    newNode->next = NULL;
    return newNode;
}

// function to delete all the nodes from the list
// that are greater than the specified value x

struct Node *deleteGreaterNodes( struct Node* head_ref, int x )
{
    while ( head_ref && x < head_ref->data )
    {
        struct Node *tmp = head_ref;
        head_ref = head_ref->next;
        free( tmp );
    }
    
    if ( head_ref )
    {
        for ( struct Node *current = head_ref; current->next != NULL; )
        {
            if ( x < current->next->data )
            {
                struct Node *tmp = current->next;
                current->next = current->next->next;
                free( tmp );
            }
            else
            {
                current = current->next;
            }
        }
    }
    
    return head_ref;
}

// function to a print a linked list
void printList(struct Node* head)
{
    while (head) {
       
        printf("%d ",head->data);
        head = head->next;
    }
}

// Driver program to test above
int main()
{
    struct Node* head = getNode(7);
    head->next = getNode(3);
    head->next->next = getNode(4);
    head->next->next->next = getNode(8);
    head->next->next->next->next = getNode(5);
    head->next->next->next->next->next = getNode(1);

    int x = 3;

    printf( "Original List: " );
    // printf("Original List: "); 
    printList(head);

   head = deleteGreaterNodes(head, x);

    
     printf("\nModified List: "); 
    printList( head );

    return 0;
}

程序 output 是

Original List: 7 3 4 8 5 1 
Modified List: 3 1

Answer 2

實現deleteGreaterNodes的一種簡單方法是使用額外的間接級別來訪問Node *鏈接。

// function to delete all the nodes from the list
// that are greater than the specified value x
Node *deleteGreaterNodes(Node* head_ref, int x)
{
    Node **link = &head_ref; // Point to the pointer to the first node.
    Node *cur;

    while ((cur = *link) != NULL) {
        if (cur->data > x) {
            // The current node needs to be deleted from the list.
            // Change the link pointing to the current node to point to the next node.
            *link = cur->next;
            // Delete the current node.
            free(cur);
        } else {
            // The current node is to be kept on the list.
            // Get a pointer to the link to the next node.
            link = &cur->next;
        }
    }
    return head_ref;
}