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為什么使用委托時我的 collectionView 為零?

[英]Why is my collectionView nil when using a delegate?

我有一個包含 2 個 CollectionViews 的 TableView,每個 CollectionViews 在一個 TableViewCells 中。 當我 select 第一個 CollectionView 中的一個項目時,我想更新第二個 CollectionView。 我正在使用委托模式,但它不起作用,因為當我想使用 .reloadData 方法時,我的第二個 CollectionView 似乎為零,但是為什么以及如何在第一個 CollectionView 中選擇項目時更新第二個 CollectionView?

protocol TableViewCellDelegate {
func update()}

class TableViewCell: UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
var delegate: TableViewCellDelegate?

//...
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        self.delegate = ExistingInterestsCell() as? TableViewCellDelegate
        delegate?.update()}}


class ExistingInterestsCell: UITableViewCell, TableViewCellDelegate {
func update() {
    collectionView.reloadData()
}}

錯誤信息是:

致命錯誤:在隱式展開可選值時意外發現 nil:文件 Suggest_Accounts_and_Docs/ExistingInterestsCell.swift,第 13 行

這是使用協議/委托模式的錯誤方式。 您正在創建彼此過於依賴的類。

更好的方法是讓您的第一行告訴 controller它的一個集合視圖單元格被選中,然后允許 controller 更新用於第二行的數據,然后重新加載該行。

因此,您的“第一行”單元格將包含以下內容:

class FirstRowTableViewCell: UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
    
    var didSelectClosure: ((Int) -> ())?
    
    var collectionView: UICollectionView!

    // cell setup, collection view setup, etc...
    
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        // tell the controller that a collection view cell was selected
        didSelectClosure?(indexPath.item)
    }

}

您的“第二行”單元格將包含以下內容:

class SecondRowTableViewCell: UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
    
    var collectionView: UICollectionView!
    
    var activeData: [String] = []
    
    // cell setup, collection view setup, etc...
    
}

在您的表格視圖 controller 中,您將擁有一個 var,例如:

var dataType: Int = 0

你的cellForRowAt看起來像這樣:

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
    if indexPath.row == 0 {
        let c = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "firstRowCell", for: indexPath) as! FirstRowTableViewCell

        // set the closure so the first row can tell us one of its
        //  collection view cells was selected
        c.didSelectClosure = { [weak self] i in
            guard let self = self else { return }
            // only reload if different cell was selected
            if i != self.dataType {
                self.dataType = i
                self.tableView.reloadRows(at: [IndexPath(row: 1, section: 0)], with: .automatic)
            }
        }
        return c
    }

    let c = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "secondRowCell", for: indexPath) as! SecondRowTableViewCell
    switch dataType {
    case 1:
        c.activeData = numberData
    case 2:
        c.activeData = wordData
    default:
        c.activeData = letterData
    }
    c.collectionView.reloadData()
    return c
}

這是一個完整的例子......

第一行表格單元格

class FirstRowTableViewCell: UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
    
    var didSelectClosure: ((Int) -> ())?
    
    var collectionView: UICollectionView!
    
    let myData: [String] = [
        "Letters", "Numbers", "Words",
    ]
    
    override init(style: UITableViewCell.CellStyle, reuseIdentifier: String?) {
        super.init(style: style, reuseIdentifier: reuseIdentifier)
        commonInit()
    }
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        commonInit()
    }
    func commonInit() -> Void {
        
        let fl = UICollectionViewFlowLayout()
        fl.scrollDirection = .horizontal
        fl.minimumInteritemSpacing = 8
        fl.minimumLineSpacing = 8
        fl.estimatedItemSize = CGSize(width: 80.0, height: 60)
        
        collectionView = UICollectionView(frame: .zero, collectionViewLayout: fl)
        
        collectionView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        
        contentView.addSubview(collectionView)
        
        let g = contentView.layoutMarginsGuide
        
        // to avoid auto-layout warnings
        let hConstraint = collectionView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 60.0)
        hConstraint.priority = .defaultHigh
        
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            collectionView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.topAnchor),
            collectionView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            collectionView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),
            collectionView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.bottomAnchor),
            hConstraint,
        ])
        
        collectionView.register(SingleLabelCollectionViewCell.self, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "cell")
        collectionView.dataSource = self
        collectionView.delegate = self
        
        collectionView.backgroundColor = .systemBlue
        
    }

    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return myData.count
    }
    
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let c = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "cell", for: indexPath) as! SingleLabelCollectionViewCell
        c.theLabel.text = myData[indexPath.item]
        return c
    }
    
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        // tell the controller that a collection view cell was selected
        didSelectClosure?(indexPath.item)
    }

}

第二行表格單元格

class SecondRowTableViewCell: UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
    
    var collectionView: UICollectionView!
    
    var activeData: [String] = []
    
    override init(style: UITableViewCell.CellStyle, reuseIdentifier: String?) {
        super.init(style: style, reuseIdentifier: reuseIdentifier)
        commonInit()
    }
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        commonInit()
    }
    func commonInit() -> Void {
        
        let fl = UICollectionViewFlowLayout()
        fl.scrollDirection = .horizontal
        fl.minimumInteritemSpacing = 8
        fl.minimumLineSpacing = 8
        fl.estimatedItemSize = CGSize(width: 80.0, height: 60)
        
        collectionView = UICollectionView(frame: .zero, collectionViewLayout: fl)
        
        collectionView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        
        contentView.addSubview(collectionView)
        
        let g = contentView.layoutMarginsGuide
        
        // to avoid auto-layout warnings
        let hConstraint = collectionView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 60.0)
        hConstraint.priority = .defaultHigh
        
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            collectionView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.topAnchor),
            collectionView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            collectionView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),
            collectionView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.bottomAnchor),
            hConstraint,
        ])
        
        collectionView.register(SingleLabelCollectionViewCell.self, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "cell")
        collectionView.dataSource = self
        collectionView.delegate = self
        
        collectionView.backgroundColor = .systemRed
        
    }
    
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return activeData.count
    }
    
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let c = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "cell", for: indexPath) as! SingleLabelCollectionViewCell
        c.theLabel.text = activeData[indexPath.item]
        return c
    }
    
}

表視圖 Controller

class MyTableViewController: UITableViewController {
    
    let numberData: [String] = [
        "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15",
    ]
    let letterData: [String] = [
        "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O",
    ]
    let wordData: [String] = [
        "First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth", "Sixth",
    ]

    var dataType: Int = 0
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        tableView.register(FirstRowTableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "firstRowCell")
        tableView.register(SecondRowTableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "secondRowCell")
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return 2
    }
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        if indexPath.row == 0 {
            let c = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "firstRowCell", for: indexPath) as! FirstRowTableViewCell

            // set the closure so the first row can tell us one of its
            //  collection view cells was selected
            c.didSelectClosure = { [weak self] i in
                guard let self = self else { return }
                // only reload if different cell was selected
                if i != self.dataType {
                    self.dataType = i
                    self.tableView.reloadRows(at: [IndexPath(row: 1, section: 0)], with: .automatic)
                }
            }
            return c
        }

        let c = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "secondRowCell", for: indexPath) as! SecondRowTableViewCell
        switch dataType {
        case 1:
            c.activeData = numberData
        case 2:
            c.activeData = wordData
        default:
            c.activeData = letterData
        }
        c.collectionView.reloadData()
        return c
    }
    
}

集合視圖單元(由兩行使用)

// simple single-label collection view cell
class SingleLabelCollectionViewCell: UICollectionViewCell {
    let theLabel = UILabel()
    
    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        commonInit()
    }
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        commonInit()
    }
    func commonInit() -> Void {
        
        theLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        contentView.addSubview(theLabel)
        
        let g = contentView.layoutMarginsGuide
        
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            theLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.topAnchor),
            theLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            theLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),
            theLabel.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.bottomAnchor),
        ])
        
        theLabel.backgroundColor = .yellow
        
        contentView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.green.cgColor
        contentView.layer.borderWidth = 1
    }
    
}

結果:

在此處輸入圖像描述

點擊“數字”,我們看到:

在此處輸入圖像描述

點擊“單詞”,我們看到:

在此處輸入圖像描述

這條線

self.delegate = ExistingInterestsCell() as? TableViewCellDelegate

指一個帶有 nil 插座的表格單元格,這就是它崩潰的原因,您需要訪問一個真實呈現的單元格

編輯:在兩個單元格類中添加對 tableView 的引用,並使用 indexPath 和表格獲取所需的單元格並更新它的集合

if let cell = table.cellForRow(at:Indexpath(row:0,section:0)) as? ExistingInterestsCell {
  // update model
  cell.collectionView.reloadData()
}

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